Studeis on regulating factors for function and proliferation of thermogenic tissue, brown adipose tissue.

在大鼠中研究了胰高血糖素和膜糖脂神经节苷脂在产热组织棕色脂肪组织调节中的作用。棕色脂肪组织（BAT）中胰高血糖素水平比血浆中高3 ~ 4倍。它是显着较高的背颈部位比肩胛间的网站。冷习服、急性冷暴露和非热应激（急性制动）均使BAT胰高血糖素升高.去甲肾上腺素是非寒战性产热（NST）的主要增强因子，可升高血浆和BAT中的胰高血糖素水平。冷习服动物血浆胰高血糖素水平升高的程度大于热习服动物.在体内产热反应去甲肾上腺素和胰高血糖素增强BAT以及整个身体CA。另一方面，在CA中BAT的体外耗氧量显著降低。然而，它是显着更大的冷驯化豚鼠。腺苷脱氨酶并不影响从CA的BAT的死亡诱导的耗氧量的减少。短时间重复冷暴露诱导的冷适应性与1/4时间的连续冷暴露诱导的冷适应性相同。这种类型的冷适应还伴随着BAT.5的胰高血糖素水平升高。神经节苷脂GM_3是BAT中主要的神经节苷脂。冷习服和冷饲养可使BAT神经节苷脂GM_3显著升高。4日龄和14日龄大鼠BAT中GM_3含量也高于11周龄成年大鼠。提示胰高血糖素和GM_3对BAT的增殖和功能起调节作用。

Roles of pancreatic hormone, glucagon, and membrane glycolipid, gangliosides, in the regulation of thermogenic tissue, brown adipose tissue, were studied in rat1. Glucagon level in brown adipose tissue (BAT) was 3 to 4 times higher than that in plasma. It was significantly higher in the dorsocervical site than in the interscapular site. Cold acclimation, acute cold exposure and non-thermal stress (acute immobilization) all elevated BAT glucagon.2. Noradrenaline, a major enhancing factor of non-shivering thermogenesis (NST), elevated glucagon level in plasma as well as in BAT. The extent of elevation of plasma glucagon was greater in the cold-acclimated animals (CA) than warm controls (WC).3. In vivo thermogenic responses to noradrenaline and glucagon were enhanced in BAT as well as whole body in CA. On the other hand, in vitro oxygen consumption of BAT was significantly reduced in CA. However, it was significantly greater in the cold-acclimated guinea-pig. Adenosine deaminase did not influence the reduction in hormone-induced oxygen consumption of BAT from CA.4. Repetitive short-term cold exposure elicited the same cold adaptability as that induced by continous exposure with one-fourth of time of continous cold exposure. This type of cold acclimation was also accompanied by the elevated glucagon level of BAT.5. Ganglioside GM_3 was found to be a major ganglioside in BAT. Cold acclimation and successive rearing in cold caused significant elevation of ganglioside GM_3 in BAT. GM_3 level was also higher in BAT of 4- and 14-day old rats than in BAT 11-week old adults. These results suggest that glucagon and GM_3 play as regulating factors for proliferation as well as function of BAT.