Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism by New-Type Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

1. 新型多不饱和脂肪酸对脂质代谢的调节作用(1)5c,llc,14c。中国Biota （Biota orientalis）籽油中的17c-20:4和5c，llc，14c-20:3多不饱和脂肪酸：将纯化的亚油酸、γ -亚麻酸、α -亚麻酸乙酯或由Biota籽油制备的20:4酸口服给必需脂肪酸缺乏的大鼠10天。从组织脂质脂肪酸组成的变化来看，这种20:4的酸似乎具有作为必需脂肪酸的潜力。20:4酸对脂质代谢，特别是血浆和肝脏甘油三酯水平具有特定的调节作用。将含有8.9% 20:4酸和4.8% 20:3酸的百欧塔籽油与亚油酸或α -亚麻酸的大鼠饲喂高胆固醇饲料进行比较，发现百欧塔籽油有效地抑制了血浆胆固醇和肝脏甘油三酯的升高。对adp诱导的血小板聚集程度无特异性影响。上述结果表明，鱼籽油对脂质代谢有较好的影响，但不影响类二十烷酸的产生。(2)红松籽油中5C、9c、12c-18:3酸的影响：在与上述相似的饲养条件下，与亚油酸或α -亚麻酸相比，含17.1% 18:3酸的红松籽油对血浆胆固醇水平有中等影响，但有降低血浆和肝脏甘油三酯水平的趋势。种子油对主动脉前列环素产生和adp诱导的血小板聚集没有任何特异性影响。(3) 5c,8c，llc的代谢效应。14c-19:4酸：将微生物来源的19:4酸灌注离体大鼠肝脏。与花生四烯酸相比，19:4酸增加了酮体的产生和脂质如脂蛋白的分泌。这种奇数多不饱和脂肪酸也增加了胆固醇的分泌。结果提示19:4酸在脂质代谢调节中具有特殊作用。用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）分析二十烷类化合物荧光标记HPLC法（Prostaglandins, 31:71(1986)）测定人类样品中的二十烷类化合物也适用于大鼠样品。少

1. Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by New-Type Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids(1) Effects of 5c,llc,14c.17c-20:4 and 5c,llc,14c-20:3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Chinese Biota (Biota orientalis) seed oil: Either purified ethyl ester of linoleic, gamma-linolenic, alpha-linolenic acids or 20:4 acid prepared from Biota seed oil were given orally to essential fatty acid deficient rats for 10 days. From the changes in the fatty acid compositions of tissue lipids, this 20:4 acid appeared to have a potential as an essential fatty acid. The 20:4 acid exerted a specific regulatory function on lipid metabolism, in particular plasma and liver triglyceride levels. When the effect of Biota seed oil containing 8.9% of 20:4 acid and 4.8% of 20:3 acids was compared with linoleic or alpha-linolenic acid in rats fed a cholesterol-enriched diet, the seed oil efficiently prevented the elevation of plasma cholesterol and liver triglyceride. No specific effect was observed on the extent of ADP-induced platelet … More aggregation. These results indicate that Biota seed oil has a preferable effect on lipid metabolism without influencing eicosanoid production.(2) Effect of 5C,9c,12c-18:3 acid in Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) seed oil: Under the similar feeding condition as above, pine seed oil containing 17.1% of 18:3 acid showed an intermediate effect on the plasma cholesterol level, but tended to decrease the plasma and liver triglyceride levels, compared to linoleic or alpha-linolenic acid. The seed oil neither showed any specific effect on aortic prostacyclin production nor ADP-induced platelet aggregation.(3) Metabolic effect of 5c,8c,llc.14c-19:4 acid: The 19:4 acid of the microbial origin was perfused in isolated rat liver. Compared with arachidonic acid, 19:4 acid increased production of ketone body and secretion of lipids as lipoproteins. This odd-numbered polyunsaturated fatty acid also increased secretion of cholesterol. The results suggest a specific role of 19:4 acid as a regulator of lipid metabolism.2. Analyses of eicosanoids by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)The fluorescence-labeling HPLC method developed for measurement of eicosnaoids in human samples (Prostaglandins, 31:71 (1986)) was found to be applicable even to rat samples. Less