Studies of the Immunity Regulation Mechanism of Auraptene in Citrus Peel

金银烯(Auraptene，AUR)是一种香豆素类化合物，存在于特定的柑橘果皮中，具有抗癌、抑制活性氧产生等有益的生理功能。在本研究中，为了进一步了解AUR的生理功能，在大鼠饲养研究或淋巴细胞培养系统中证实了AUR对各种参数的影响。首先，用含0.01%AUR的柑橘皮干粉、基本上不含AUR的Ponkan和含纤维素的对照组大鼠饲养4周。Amanatsu组和Ponkan组大鼠的肝脏重量和血糖浓度显著降低，肾重量和血清肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度明显升高。然后，以Amanatsu橘皮为原料制备AUR浓缩液，喂饲0.04%水平的大鼠3周。AUR不影响体重增加和食物效率，尽管FEFC摄入量往往较高…更多的呃。AUR组大鼠肾脏重量有增加趋势，白色脂肪组织重量减轻。饲喂AUR的大鼠血清甘油三酯浓度显著降低。AUR组血清胰岛素浓度呈下降趋势，而血糖浓度无明显变化。饲喂AUR后，大鼠血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度有下降趋势。当大鼠脾淋巴细胞与高纯度AUR孵育时，无论孵育时间长短，随着AUR浓度的增加，IgA的产生均呈下降趋势。无论加入AUR的浓度如何，IgA产量都有下降的趋势。微量AUR在孵育24小时内显著增加IL-4的产生，但在72小时后这种作用消失。对肿瘤坏死因子-α的浓度无明显影响，但随培养时间的延长而增加，加入AuR后，差异有统计学意义。虽然AUR对干扰素-γ的产生没有明显的影响，但随着培养时间的延长，AUR对干扰素-DNA的产生有增加的趋势。总之，在动物实验中，证实AUR能提高血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α的浓度。AUR也有可能影响体内脂肪代谢，但对免疫功能的影响并不是明确的。而在淋巴细胞实验中，AUR可能在产生免疫球蛋白和某些细胞因子方面具有独特的功能。虽然从目前的研究中很难得出明确的结论，但AUR似乎具有促进和调节免疫功能的潜力。较少

Auraptene (Aur) is a kind of coumarin compounds, occurring in the peel of specific citrus, exerts beneficial physiological functions such as anti-carcinogenic and suppression of active oxygen production. In the present study, to gain further information on physiological functions of Aur, the effects on various parameters were confirmed in rat feeding studies or lymphocyte culture system. First, using dried powders from different citrus peels either Amanatsu containing 0.01 % Aur, Ponkan essentially free from Aur or control containing cellulose were fed to rats for 4 weeks. The liver weight and the concentration of serum glucose were significantly lowered in the Amanatsu and Ponkan groups, while kidney weight and the concentration of serum TNF-α were obviously increased in rats fed Amanatsu. Then, the Aur concentrate was prepared from Amanatsu orange peel, and fed to rats 0.04 % level for 3 weeks. Aur did not affect weight gain and food efficiency, although feec intake tended to be high … More er. In the Aur group, kidney weight trended to be higher, while weight of white adipose tissue was reduced. The concentration of serum triglyceride significantly decreased in the rats fed Aur. The concentration of serum insulin trended to lower in the Aur group, however, that of serum glucose remained unchanged. There was a decreasing trend of the concentration of serum TNF-a when rats were fed Aur. When rat spleen lymphocytes were incubated with high-purity Aur prepared from Amanatsu peel, the production of IgA decreased with an increasing concentration of Aur, irrespective of the incubation time. The IgA production tended to decrease irrespective of the concentration of Aur added to the medium. The trace Aur significantly increased the production of IL-4 during 24 hours of incubation, but this effect disappeared after 72 hours. There was no obvious effect on the concentration of TNF-a, however it increased with incubation time, and the difference became significant when Aur was added in the medium. Although no clear-cut effect of Aur on the production of IFN-γ was observed, it tended to increase with incubation time. Overall, in animal experiments, it was confirmed that Aur increase the concentration of serum TNF-α. There is also a possibility that Aur affects body fat metabolism, however the effect on immune functions was not unequivocal. While in the lymphocyte experiment, the results suggested that Aur may have unique functions in the production of immunoglobulins and some cytokines. Although it is difficult to draw a distinct conclusion from the present study, Aur appears to have a potential to promote and regulate immune functions. Less