The Investigation into the Translations by Ogai Mori, with Reference to Modern Japanese Drama as a Genre

今年（1992年），继去年的研究之后，我调查了小井森在德国逗留的时期（1884-1888），在此期间他开始对戏剧产生兴趣。他对欧洲文学和思想的接受反映在他回到日本后积极从事启蒙活动。因此，研究他在德国的那段时间具有重要的意义。他在德国的日记中提到，他在学习的间隙经常去剧院。在小井的所有译本中，歌德、莱辛和易卜生的戏剧居多；因此，看戏的经历很可能对他后来的文学活动有很大的帮助。因此，通过引入戏剧的观点作为线索，将小井在德国的停留时期与他后来的文学活动联系起来，我澄清了他自己的翻译对他的意义。具体来说，我调查了以下几点……更多d.(1)通过他的日记和信件，我列出了他在德国看戏的清单，收集了调查当时德国戏剧状况的基本材料。(2)在小井翻译的所有剧本中，实际搬上舞台的剧本都列了出来。(3)我收集并研究了小井在德国实际看过的戏剧的节目单和舞台剧评论。(4)我不仅收集和研究了在德国演出的戏剧，而且还收集和研究了书籍和杂志上关于男女演员方向的参考资料，以掌握当时德国戏剧的情况。通过查阅报纸、杂志和书籍，我研究了戏剧批评的历史。至于易卜生，我特别研究过他的戏剧首演时观众的反应。在进行调查的过程中，我试图积极地把握易卜生在戏剧史上的地位。虽然到目前为止，几乎没有人调查过小井在德国逗留期间与剧院的关系，但我的研究已经阐明了他在德国看戏的总体经历。我接下来要做的是进一步积极地调查，这段经历是如何反映在他回到日本后参与的文学活动中；尤其是他在日本戏剧改革运动中所扮演的角色。少

This year (1992), following the last year's research, I have investigated the period of Ogai Mori's stay in Germany (1884-1888) during which he began to take interest in the theater. His acceptance of European literature and ideas is reflected in the vigorous enlightenment activities he engaged himself in after his return to Japan. Therefore, it is of grave significance to investigate the period of his stay in Germany. In his Diary in Germany, his frequent visit to the theater in the intervals of pressing study is mentioned. Of all the translations by Ogai, dramas by Goethe, Lessing and Ibsen prevail ; so it is highly probable that the experience of going to the theater contributed a great deal to his later literary activity. Thus, by introducing the point of view of the theater as a clue to linking the period of Ogai's stay in Germany with his later literary activity, I have clarified the significance to him of his own translations. Specifically, following points have been investigate … More d.(1) By making a list of his theatregoing in Germany through his diaries and letters, I have collected the basic materials with which to investigate the situation of the theater in Germany of those days.(2) Of all the plays translated by Ogai, the plays that were actually put on the stage have been listed.(3) I have collected and examined the programs and stage reviews of the plays that Ogai actually saw in Germany.(4) I have collected and examined not only the plays performed in Germany, but the references in books and magazines to the direction of actors and actresses, with which to grasp the situation of the theater in Germany of those days.(5) By examining the newspapers, magazines and books, I have studied the history of drama criticism. As to Ibsen, especially, I have examined the response of the viewers of his plays at the time of their first stages. In carrying out the investigation, I have tried to grasp positively the place of Ibsen in the history of drama.While almost nothing has been investigated so far as to Ogai's relationship with the theater during his stay in Germany, my study has elucidated the totality of his experience of theatregoing in Germany. What remains for me to do is to further investigate positively how the experience was reflected in the literary activity he was involved in after his return to Japan ; especially the role he played in the theatrical reform movement in Japan. Less