Glycosphingolipids of various human ovarian tumors

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1. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) of Various Human Ovarian Tumors:Among the human ovarian tumors, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, serous cystadenocarcinoma, and clear cell adenocarcinoma, the mucinous cystadenocarcinoma showed a unique GSL composition. More than 90% of the acidic GSL in the mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was comprised of sulfolipids, rarely detected in normal ovary and found in concentrations of less than 40% in the other types of ovarian tumors. By means of negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FABMS) and gas-liquid chromatography(GLC), the major sulfolipid in mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was confirmed as I^3SO_3-GalCer with N-cerebronyl phytosphingosine, rather than I^3SO_3-GalCer with N-nonhydroxy fatty acyl sphingosine, the major molecular species in the other ovarian cancers.2. a Monoclonal Antibody, MRG-1:A murine monoclonal antibody, MRG-1, established by immunizing mouse with human ovarian carcinoma-derived cells, reacted preferentially with the cells' Golgi complexes and microsome fractions, but not with the plasma membranes, whereas the antigen was distributed in the intercellular matrix of normal human cervical epithelium. The antigen was identified as neutral GSLs with blood group A-determinant by TLC-immunostaining. Using FABMS and NMR, the structure was found to be ceramide-Glc4-Gal3-GlcNAc4-Gal(2-Fuc)3-GalNAc3-Gal(2-Fuc)3-GalNAc, type IIIA GSLs.3. Galactosyltransferase Associated with Tumor (GAT):GAT was studied clinically in ovarian cancer patients. The GAT positive rate for different histologic types of ovarian carcinoma was relatively high for each type, e. g., 55.0% for clear cell carcinoma and 66.7% for endometrioid adenocarcinoma. In patients with benign diseases, in particular endometriosis, the GAT positive rate was lower than the positive rate with any other simultaneously definite markers. These results indicate the usefulness of GAT in distinguishing malignant from benign ovarian tumors.