Redox-active covalent organic frameworks for batteries based on abundant metals (Na, Mg, Al) (RACOF-NMA)

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Batteries based on abundant metals, such as Na, Mg, and Al, are emerging as promising alternatives to Li-ion batteries due to their cost-effectiveness and natural abundance. However, the development of high-performance cathode materials with superior capacity, reversibility, and long-term cyclability remains a significant challenge. Organic compounds offer a solution with their abundant resources, customizable structures, and design flexibility, enabling efficient energy storage through reversible redox reactions. However, the stability and energy density of organic compounds fall short compared to inorganic materials. To address these challenges, redox-active covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have garnered attention as potential organic cathode materials for various batteries. COFs offer programmable order, stability, rigid frameworks, and porous structures. Building upon the progress and knowledge gained in the first funding period, this project aims to design novel redox-active COFs and sulfurized/selenized COFs with stable linkages (such as imide, vinyline, thion-enamine, and selenanthrene), exploring their performance in batteries based on abundant metals (Na, Mg, Al). Advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterization will be employed to investigate ion storage mechanisms. Ex-situ/operando NMR experiments will provide insights into electrode material-cation interactions during voltage application and potential aging and degradation processes after cycling. The successful outcome of this project will yield valuable knowledge on designing favorable COFs with rich redox-active centers, chemically stable linkages, and well-defined porous structures. This research contributes to the advancement of battery technologies by elucidating the structure-performance relationship of redox-active COFs, thus guiding the future development of novel high-performance organic electrodes for batteries based on abundant metals.