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Molecular population genetics of wild ancestral species of wheat

小麦野生祖先种的分子群体遗传学

基本信息

批准号：
04640593
负责人：
MIYASHITA Naohiko
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Restriction map variation in two 5-6 kb chloroplast DNA regions of five diploid Aegilops species in the section Sitopsis and two wild tetraploid wheats, T.dicoccoides and T.araraticum was investigated with a battery of 4-cutter restriction enzymes. More than 250 restriction sites were scored, of which only seven sites were polymorphic in Ae.speltoides. No restriction site polymorphisms were detected in all the other diploid and tetraploid species. In addition, six insertion/deletion polymorphisms were detected, but they were unique or species-specific. Estimated nucleotide diversity (pi : Nei and Li, 1979) was 0.0006 for Ae.speltoides, and 0.0000 for all the other investigated species. In Ae.speltoides, none of Tajima's D (1989) were significant, indicating no clear deviation from the neutrality of DNA polymorphisms. Significant non-random association was detected for three combinations out of ten possible pairs between polymorphic restriction sites in Ae.speltoides. Phylogenetic relationship among all the plastotypes (Plastid genotype) suggested the diphyletic origin of T.dicoccoides and T.araraticum. A plastotype of one Ae.speltoides accession was identical to the major type of T.araraticum (T.timopheevi inclusively) . Three of the plastotypes found in the Sitopsis species are very similar, but not identical, to that of T.dicoccoides, T.durum and T.aestivum. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the five Aegilops species of Sitopsis section were investigated by using random nuclear DNA clones. Level of polymorphism in Ae.speltoides is as high as that of interspecific divergence between the other four species. Phylogenetic relationship obtained by this RFLP analysis agrees with with those of classical taxonomy based on morphology and RFLP analysis on chloroplast DNA.

使用一组 4 切割酶限制性内切酶研究了 Sitopsis 组中五个二倍体山羊草物种和两个野生四倍体小麦 T.dicoccoides 和 T.araraticum 的两个 5-6 kb 叶绿体 DNA 区域的限制性图谱变异。对 250 多个限制性位点进行了评分，其中只有 7 个位点在 speltoides 中具有多态性。在所有其他二倍体和四倍体物种中未检测到限制性位点多态性。此外，还检测到了六个插入/缺失多态性，但它们是独特的或物种特异性的。估计的Ae.speltoides 核苷酸多样性（pi：Nei 和Li，1979）为0.0006，所有其他研究物种为0.0000。在 speltoides 中，Tajima 的 D (1989) 均不显着，表明与 DNA 多态性的中性没有明显偏差。在黑山羊草多态性限制位点之间的十个可能对中，检测到了三个组合的显着非随机关联。所有质体型（质体基因型）之间的系统发育关系表明 T.dicoccoides 和 T.araraticum 具有双系起源。一个 speltoides 种质的质体型与 T.araraticum (包括 T.timopheevi) 的主要类型相同。在 Sitopsis 物种中发现的三种质体型与 T.dicoccoides、T.durum 和 T.aestivum 非常相似，但不相同。利用随机核DNA克隆对5种山羊草的限制性片段长度多态性进行了研究。 speltoides 的多态性水平与其他四个物种之间的种间分化水平一样高。通过 RFLP 分析获得的系统发育关系与基于叶绿体 DNA 形态学和 RFLP 分析的经典分类学一致。