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Study of Hatamoto Residence in Edo from the Standpoint of Urban History-Formation of Residence and Urban Design of Samurai Residential Zone

城市历史视角下的江户幡本住宅研究——住宅的形成与武士住宅区的城市设计

基本信息

批准号：
04650576
负责人：
HATANO Jun
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Nippon Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04650576/
关键词：
Edo Hatamoto Residence Urban History Urban Design Samurai Residential Zone 武家他

项目摘要

This study analyzes a plane of a main house, arrangement of various buildings in the residential site, and allotment of the residential site of a Hatamoto residence that is an important component of the Samurai residential zone in the Edo period, and then clarifies a design method of the Samurai residential zone and an urban landscape in Edo. Study results are as follows.1. A plane of a Hatamoto residence is divided to four sections according to their function ; "the front" for receiving gusets ; "the middle interior" for the family head's administering public affairs and leading an everyday life ; "the back" for private life ; and "the kitchen, " a place for the family head's wife.2. The space of "the front" and "the kitchen" takes a quarter of the total space of the main house, irrespective of the size of it, requiring an area suitable to farmality.3. "The middle interior" is omitted in case of a small residence. However, as the area of main house expands, the rate of occupation of "the middle interior" in the total space increases and the section for managing household affairs is also enlarged, both for reinforcement in residential function.4. The occupation rate of "the back" is inverse proportion to the size of main house. For "the back" is a private space and its function is limited.5.Except for Hatchobori Kumiyashiki (police sergents of a town magistrate), residences of Gokenin, the lowest level of the Shogun's retainers, are distributed outside of the outer mote of the Edo Castle. There are class differentials inside of their residential site. A part of the police sergents' Kumiyashiki was rented to townspeople and became a townfolk's zone later with a town headman.

本研究通过对江户时代武士住宅区的重要组成部分--旗本住宅的主宅平面、住宅区内各种建筑物的配置、住宅区的分配进行分析，阐明了江户时代武士住宅区和城市景观的设计方法。研究结果如下：1.一个平面的Hatamoto住宅被分为四个部分根据其功能：“前面”接收guset;“中间内部”的家庭户主的管理公共事务和领导日常生活;“后面”的私人生活;和“厨房“，家庭户主的妻子的地方。“前面”和“厨房”的空间占主屋总空间的四分之一，无论大小，需要一个适合农场的区域。3.如果是小住宅，则省略“中间内部”。但随着主宅面积的扩大，“中内”在总空间中所占的比例也在增加，而管理家务的部分也在扩大，这都是为了强化居住功能.“后屋”的占用率与主屋面积成反比。5.除了八丁堀久宫敷（县官的警察侍从）外，幕府最低层的家臣五个人的住宅都分布在江户城的外围。在他们的居住地内部有阶级差异。警佐久宫敷的一部分租给了市民，后来成为了市民区，有了镇长。