A study on the sociospatial structure of the jouka-machi (castle town) grasped as the formative basis of the modern economic society in Japan

本研究的目的，是透过分析少女街的社会与空间构成，来了解其背后的都市理想与社会经济制度（城堡城），从近代社会早期的少女时代为以市场经济为基础的现代经济社会奠定了基础的观点出发，也是为了澄清作为日本现代经济社会形成基础的少女町的现存状态，1992年，我根据两种城市单元类型的概念，考察了少女街的形成过程，京台（区）和町（镇），解释了日本的历史城市空间。我澄清了“寿贺町”是通过重组和综合京台和町而形成的，而港口町是作为寿贺町的外围城镇而设立的。1993年，我考察了“寿贺町”规划的演变。我指出 关于我们 提出了由等级社会结构向扁平社会结构演变，由封闭、封闭、分层的空间结构向开放、连续、统一的空间结构演变的上香町城市结构特征。笔者指出，上贺町这一对外港口城市可以看作是日本近代早期城市演变的一个高潮，最后在1994年考察了上贺町这一对外港口城市的社会构成和空间构成。我指出，通过一条街道，可以看到由独立个体构成的社会和空间的一致性;通过一条运河网络，可以看到商业的平等和空间的开放性;通过一条运河网络，可以看到功能的平等和空间的连续性。并指出港口城市产生了与市场经济相适应的城市空间。这些特征在16- 17世纪的荷兰城市、17世纪的大坂少女街、乃至整个市场经济世界都能找到。最后指出，这些特征是伴随着现代经济社会的形成过程而产生的，是由行政交换到市场交换、由共同分配到市场经济的一般历史过程所决定的。少

The aim of this study is to grasp the underlying urban ideal and the socioeconomic system through the analysis of the social and spatial composition of the jouka-machi (castle town) , on the point of view that the jouka-machi in the early modern society produced a basis for the modern economic society based on market economy, also to clarify the exiting state of the jouka-machi that functioned the formative basis for the modern economic society in Japan, by comparing with the Dutch cities that produced a bone of the modern economic society in Europe.In 1992 I examined the formative process of the jouka-machi on the idea of two urban unit types, keidai (precinct) and machi (town) that explained the historic urban space in Japan. I clarified that the jouka-machi was formed by means of reorganizing and synthesizing keidai and machi, and that the port town was established as an external town of the jouka-machi.In 1993 I examined the evolution of the established jouka-machi plan. I pointed … More out that the urban structural feature of the jouka-machi existed in the evolution proceeding from hierarchical social composition to flat one, and the evolution proceeding from closed, enclosed and stratified spatial composition to open, continuous and uniform one. I pointed out that the external port town of the jouka-machi could be seen as a climax of the evolution of the early modern Japanese cities.At last in 1994 I examined the social and apatial composition of the external port town of the jouka-machi. I pointed out that there could be seen the social and spatial uniformity composed of an independent individual, the commercial equality and spatial openness through a street, and the functional equality and spatial continuity through a canal network. I pointed out also that the port town produced the urban space that was suitable to market economy. We can find these features in Dutch cities in the 16-17th century, in Osaka jouka-machi in the 17th century, and all over the market economy world. As a conclusion I pointed out that those features aroused from the general history from administrated exchange to market exchange and from mutual distribution to market economy accompanied with the formative process of modern economic society. Less