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Structure and Bio-degradation of Chlorinated Lignin

氯化木质素的结构和生物降解

基本信息

批准号：
04660177
负责人：
MATSUMOTO Yuji
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04660177/
关键词：
pulp chlorine bleaching organic chlorine lignin lignin peroxidase methylation AOX effluent 漂白排液有機塩素化合物

项目摘要

When unbleached kraft pulps are subjected to chlorine bleaching, residual lignin in hardwood kraft pulps become soluble in water more easily than that in softwood kraft pulps. Majority of adsorbable organic chlorine (AOX), and total organic carbon (TOX), produced from hardwood kraft pulps, were found to be present in chlorine stage (C-stage) effluent rather than in E-stage effluent, which makes a contrast to those of softwood kraft pulp. By oxygen treatment, a considerable part of residual lignin in kraft pulp was converted to a part which is highly reactive to chlorine. A organic chlorine produced in such a reactive lignin forms a unstable organic chlorine, which is easily removed by an attack of a nucleophile. AOX method does not give an accurate value for organic chlorine content of C-stage effluent. The reason for this was attributable to the presence of unstable organic chlorine in C-stage effluent.Methylation reaction and oxidation (dehydrogenation) reaction of phenolic hydroxyl group are competing reaction when phenolic compounds such as a chlorinated guaiachol, a typical chloroorganic found in bleaching effluent, is treated by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Methylation reaction is active throughout the fungus life, while phenol oxidation activity is visible only during a secondary metabolism.Veratryl alcohol oxidation activity of ligninperoxidase is inhibited completely when phenolic compound are present in a reaction system.

当未漂白的牛皮纸浆进行氯漂白时，阔叶木牛皮纸浆中的残留木质素比针叶木牛皮纸浆中的木质素更容易溶于水。研究发现，由阔叶木牛皮纸浆产生的大部分可吸附有机氯 (AOX) 和总有机碳 (TOX) 存在于氯阶段（C 阶段）流出物中，而不是 E 阶段流出物中，这与针叶木牛皮纸浆形成鲜明对比。通过氧处理，牛皮纸浆中相当一部分残留木质素转化为与氯反应性强的部分。在这种反应性木质素中产生的有机氯形成不稳定的有机氯，其很容易通过亲核试剂的攻击而除去。 AOX 方法不能给出 C 阶段流出物有机氯含量的准确值。其原因是C段废水中存在不稳定的有机氯。当酚类化合物如氯化愈创木酚（漂白废水中典型的氯有机物）被黄孢原毛平革菌处理时，甲基化反应和酚羟基的氧化（脱氢）反应是竞争反应。甲基化反应在真菌的整个生命周期中都很活跃，而酚氧化活性仅在次生代谢过程中可见。当反应体系中存在酚类化合物时，木质素过氧化物酶的藜芦醇氧化活性被完全抑制。