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Development of infants' communication and expression of emotion through vocalization.

婴儿通过发声交流和表达情感的发展。

基本信息

批准号：
05808033
负责人：
SHIMIZU Yoko
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
Saitama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Infants' ability to express emotin through vocalizations is studied through perceptual rating experiments for voice samples recorded from ten infants at 2,6,9,12 and 17 months of age. Listening subjects were four groups with normal hearing, i.e., students, mothers, care takers, and children. Following results were obtained.(1) The context dependency was different among the listener groups. The students biased their scores depending on the contexts without significant changes in inter-relationships between the rating scales. On the other hand, the mothers changed inter-relationships between the rating scales depending on the contexts. The mothers seemed to change perceptual weights, based on which they would hear a specific aspect of emotion, rather than simply biasing the rating scores under a certain context. Perception of emotion seemed being influenced by differences in listeners' child-rearing experiences. (2) Both the adult and child listeners perceived rich contents of emotions from the voice samples recorded even at 6 month of age. More factors were extracted from the rating scores given by the children than by the adults via factor analyzes. Children are more sensitive in perception of emotions from infants' vocalization than the adults. Children seem to perceive richer emotions from infants'vocalizations than the adults. (3) By a factor analysis for 200 voice samples recorded at 2 months of age, three factors representing emotional contrast of pleased vs. frightened, calm vs. surprising, and speaking vs. singing were extracted. Acoustical analyzes showed that these perceptual factors significantly correlate with the acoustical parameters such as F0 range, F0 variation type, F0 minimum, F0 maximum, vocalization length, and the number of segments.These results suggest that infants even at 2 months of age can produce vocal elements necessary to express emotional contrasts that are identifiable for adult listeners.

通过对10名2、6、9、12和17个月龄婴儿的声音样本进行知觉评定实验，研究了婴儿通过发声表达情感的能力。听力受试者为听力正常的四组，即，学生、母亲、照顾者和儿童。获得了以下结果。(1)不同听众群体的语境依赖性不同。学生们根据情境的不同而对他们的分数产生了偏差，但评分量表之间的相互关系没有显著变化。另一方面，母亲改变了评级尺度之间的相互关系，这取决于上下文。母亲们似乎改变了感知权重，根据感知权重，她们会听到情绪的特定方面，而不是简单地在特定背景下偏置评分。情绪感知似乎受到听众育儿经历差异的影响。(2)即使在6个月大的时候，成人和儿童的听者也能从所记录的声音样本中感知到丰富的情感内容。通过因子分析，儿童评分比成人评分提取的因子更多。儿童对婴儿发声的情感感知比成人更敏感。儿童似乎比成人从婴儿的发声中感知到更丰富的情感。(3)通过对200个2月龄时的声音样本进行因子分析，提取了三个因子，分别代表高兴与害怕、平静与惊讶、说话与唱歌的情绪对比。声学分析表明，这些感知因素显着相关的声学参数，如F0范围，F0的变化类型，F0最小值，F0最大值，发声长度，和段的数量。这些结果表明，婴儿即使在2个月大可以产生发声元素表达情感对比，是可识别的成人听众。