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Good moods/emotion in Japan and the US ; their characteristics and social functions

日本和美国的好心情/情绪；

基本信息

批准号：
06610113
负责人：
KITAYAMA Shinobu
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06610113/
关键词：
Emotion Culture Self Collective constructionist approach 社会的認識

项目摘要

This study aimed at exploring ways in which emotional experience is shaped and constituted by cultural practices and collective meanings. Specifically, it tested both Japanese and American college students to determine the nature of dynamic interdependencies between cultural and collective processes and psychological functionings in the generation of "good moods/feelings" and "bad moods/feelings." From content analysis of situations generated by the subjects as ones in which these moods/feelings were experienced (Study 1), it was found, both in Japan and the United States, that frequent types of situations for good moods and feelings include "own success" and "promotion of interpersonal relations" and that those for bad moods and feelings include "fracture in interpersonal relations" and "hindrance of goal achievementj." In Study 2,200 situations each, 400 in all, were randomly sampled from those generated by the Japanese subjects in Study 1 and from those generated by the American subjects. Each of these situations was presented to a new group of both Japanese and American subjects, who made a judgment about either what emotions they would feel in the situation if they were in it or what emotions a typical students of their university would feel in the situation. Results lent support to the hypothesis that Americans are more likely than Japanese to experience good moods or feelings ; but they are less likely than Japanese to experience bad moods or feelings. Further, these effects were moderated by both the origin of these situations (i.e., originally generated by either Japanese or Americans) and the type of judgment. Overall, the data pattern suggests the usefulness of a collective constructionist approach, which assumes that the quality ofemotional experience diverges dramatically according to the nature of emotion-relevant situations constructed and shared in each culture.

本研究旨在探讨文化习俗和集体意义如何塑造和构成情感体验。具体来说，它测试了日本和美国的大学生，以确定在“好情绪/感觉”和“坏情绪/感觉”的产生中，文化和集体过程与心理功能之间的动态相互依赖性的性质。“通过对受试者所产生的情境进行内容分析，作为体验这些情绪/感受的情境（研究1），发现在日本和美国，好的情绪和感觉的常见类型包括“自身成功”和“促进人际关系”，而坏的情绪和感觉的常见类型包括“人际关系破裂”和“阻碍目标实现”。“在第二项研究中，从第一项研究中的日本受试者和美国受试者产生的情境中随机抽取了每种情境200个，总共400个。每一种情况都被呈现给一组新的日本和美国受试者，他们判断如果他们在这种情况下会有什么样的情绪，或者他们大学的典型学生在这种情况下会有什么样的情绪。结果支持了这一假设，即美国人比日本人更有可能经历好的情绪或感觉，但他们比日本人更不可能经历坏的情绪或感觉。此外，这些影响受到这些情况的起源（即，最初是由日本人或美国人产生的）和判断的类型。总体而言，数据模式表明集体建构主义方法的有用性，该方法假设情感体验的质量根据每种文化中构建和共享的情感相关情况的性质而显着不同。