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The Historical Sociological Study of Law for Graves and Ancestor Worship

坟墓与祭祖法的历史社会学研究

基本信息

批准号：
06620010
负责人：
MORI Kenji
金额：
$ 0.19万
依托单位：
SHION JUNIOR COLLEGE
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Hayama (Nara : Yamabe-gun Tsuge-mura) is a region where the double cemeteries system (RYOUBOSEI) is distributed. The burial ground (UME-BAKA) where remains are buried, in Hayama, is divided in proportion to the age-class of the dead. The graveyard (MAIRI-BAKA) where is build the stony tower is divided as a unit with the family. There is a Shinto shrine in the center of village-community, and it is the center of common religious service (community-festival-rite). The Shinto shrine avoid the defilement of the death, and the funeral procession cannot pass in front of the Shinto shrine. Moreover, for the period (one year) when people go into the mourning for the dead, people cannot visit to the Shinto shrine and take part in the festival-rite. The group which is the supporter of the dead religious service is family, and MAIRI-BAKA (stony tower grave) are facilities for the dead religious service (ancestor worship).The graveyard in Hayama is so-called common ground (IRIAITI) and only the formal constituent member in the village has the use qualification of the graveyard (use right of graveyard). The burial ground is used repeatedly, and old remains are dug up and are reburied. Moreover, the old stony towers (graves) is collected and is build a new tower (grave) when the cemetery become to full with the plenty of graves.The first form of grave in this region was a common stone mounment of the dead of villagers. This was built in EIROKU-period (1558-1570) of the Middle Ages. The building of the grave for individual appeared in the common people in the early modern age (1615-1647). A grave for man and wife also appears in this time. The form of the grave of family (family [IE] -grave) appeared in this region in the 20th century. A family- grave appeared at modern ages though the image of a traditional and old family (IE) adhered.

叶山（奈良：山边郡冢村）是双墓地系统（柳宝石）分布的地区。在Hayama，埋葬遗体的墓地（UME-BAKA）按死者的年龄划分。墓地（MAIRI-BAKA）是建立石塔被划分为一个单位与家庭。在村社的中心有一个神社，它是共同的宗教服务（社区节日仪式）的中心。神社避免死亡的玷污，送葬队伍不能从神社前经过。此外，在人们为死者哀悼的期间（一年），人们不能参观神社和参加节日仪式。支持亡者宗教仪式的群体是家庭，MAIRI-BAKA（石塔墓）是亡者宗教仪式（祖先崇拜）的设施。叶山的墓地是所谓的共同地（IRIAITI），只有村里的正式成员才有墓地的使用资格（墓地使用权）。墓地被反复使用，旧的遗骸被挖掘出来重新埋葬。此外，旧的石塔（坟墓）被收集起来，并建立一个新的塔（坟墓）当墓地变得充满了大量的坟墓。在这个地区的第一种形式的坟墓是一个共同的石头山的死者的村民。这是在中世纪的荣禄时期（1558-1570）建造的。近代早期（1615-1647年），私人坟墓的建造开始在民间出现。一个男人和妻子的坟墓也出现在这个时候。家族墓（family [IE] -grave）的形式出现于20世纪世纪。在传统的、古老的家族形象的影响下，家族墓出现在近代.