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Analysis of Urban Thermal Environment by Using Artificial Satellite

人造卫星城市热环境分析

基本信息

批准号：
06650263
负责人：
YANO Toshiaki
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06650263/
关键词：
Remote Sensing Urban Thermal Environment Ground Srface Temperature Lnadsat-5 TM NOAA-11 AVHRR Atmospheric Correction Land Surface Emissivity Image Processing NOA-11 地表面の輻射率

项目摘要

In order to obtain thermal information on the ground surface pertinent to the analysis of the urban thermal environment, an estimation method of aground surface temperature is investigated by using digital data from the high resolution radiometer of satellite. The results obtained here are summarized as follows :1.By using a thermal infrared band of LANDSAT-5/TM sensor, a ground surface temperature map of Kagoshima city is made. Although a detailed temperature map is obtained, the estimated ground surface temperature is 4-5ﾟC higher than the measured value. Thus.the predicted value must be somewhat improved.2.In estimating the ground surface temperature taking the effect of grand cover on the emissivity into account, a land use map is accomplished in which the land covering condition in Kagoshima city is classified into seven categories using visible bands of LANDSAT-5/TM sensor. Based on its map, the emissivity of each category is estimated.3.An acccurate ground surface temperature can be predicted by employing NOAA-11/AVHRR.But, it is difficult to get a detailed temperature map within a limitted local area because of lower resolution of the employed sensor.4.Its shortcoming can be improved if LANDSAT-5/TM data are used together with NOAA-11/AVHRR data.5.A secular change in both the ground surface temperature map and the land use map in Kagoshima city indicates that (1) a large housing area is prepared by clearing a forest around Kagoshima city and a reclaimed land becomes a urban district, (2) the land surface temperatures of the housing and urban district areas become gradually higher, and (3) a green zone within the urban district, i.e.the campus of Kagoshima University inhibits an increase in the land surface temperature. This inhibition suggests that in promoting urban development, a large green zone have a very important role in maintaining a favorable urban thermal environment.

为了获取与城市热环境分析相关的地表热信息，研究了利用高分辨率卫星辐射计数字化数据估算地面温度的方法。1.利用LANDSAT-5/TM遥感器的热红外波段，制作了鹿儿岛市的地表温度图。虽然获得了详细的温度图，但估计的地表温度比测量值高4-5摄氏度。2.在考虑大覆盖对发射率影响的地表温度估算中，利用LANDSAT-5/TM遥感器的可见光波段，将鹿儿岛市的土地覆盖状况分为7类，编制了土地利用图。3.利用NOAA-11/AVHRR可以准确地预报地表温度，但由于其辐射特性，4.将LANDSAT-5/TM数据与NOAA-11/TM数据结合使用，可以改善这一缺点。5.鹿儿岛市地表温度图和土地利用图的长期变化表明：（1）鹿儿岛市周围的森林被砍伐后形成了大面积的住宅区，开垦后的土地成为市区，（2）住宅区和市区的地表温度逐渐升高，（3）市区内的绿色区，即鹿儿岛大学校园抑制了地表温度的升高。这种抑制作用表明，在促进城市发展的过程中，大面积的绿色地带在维持良好的城市热环境方面具有非常重要的作用。