El Tuweina - Inventory of a residence in the the desert

El Tuweina - 沙漠住宅清单

• 批准号: 442805421
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Angelika Lohwasser
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Ägyptologie und Koptologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/442805421?language=en
• 关键词: El; Tuweina; Inventory; residence; desert

The settlement complex of El Tuweina is located in the central Bayuda Desert in North Sudan in the southern catchment area of the upper Wadi Abu Dom, about halfway between the modern cities of Merowe and Atbara. It consists of a coherent complex of three structures, partly made of stone walls, partly made of mud brick walls, which were excavated in 2013 (architectural test soundings) and 2017-2019 (large-scale excavation) by the Institute of Egyptology and Coptology at the Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) Münster.The building ensemble dates back to the late Meroitic period (ca. 3rd century A.D.); during this time, the central Bayuda was a peripheral area of this culture, which is mainly native to the Nile Valley. According to previous findings, architecture and other material culture have a clear degree of autonomy. The results of the survey project "Wadi Abu Dom Itinerary" (2009-2016) of the WWU Münster point to a predominantly pastoral economy with a close interlinking of sedentary and mobile lifestyle and economic concepts for the upper Wadi Abu Dom.The analysis of the find material recovered in El Tuweina between 2017 and 2019 is intended to verify these general assumptions about the social and economic history of the central Bayuda, as well as to investigate the role of el Tuweina settlement complex within the middle as well as long ranged cultural landscape.The analysis of ceramics and small finds from El Tuweina is intended above all to answer the question about the extent of the cultural connection of the cultures of the central Bayuda to the interregionally dominant Meroitic culture. This also allows indirect conclusions about the political-administrative influence of the state structures of the Meroitic Empire towards the sparsely populated periphery.The analysis of botanical and zoological samples is primarily intended to answer the question of the economic basis of the population of that time. The main question is whether the previous impression of a subsistence economy, which is mainly characterized by pastoral structures and mobility patterns with only marginal dependence on the Nile Valley, are to be verified. Another particular question is whether the population of the central Bayuda during the Meroitic period are part of the so-called "cattle complex" cultures (which would also imply socio-cultural continuities to recent Nilotic or Fulani speaking communities).

El Tuweina定居点位于北苏丹巴尤达沙漠中部，位于瓦迪阿布多姆河上游的南部集水区，大约位于现代城市梅洛维和阿特巴拉之间。它由三个结构组成，部分由石墙组成，部分由泥砖墙组成，由Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU) m<s:1> nster的埃及学和Coptology研究所于2013年（建筑测试探测）和2017-2019年（大规模挖掘）挖掘。建筑群的历史可以追溯到麦罗末期（约公元3世纪）；在此期间，巴尤达中部是这种文化的外围地区，这种文化主要来自尼罗河谷。根据之前的发现，建筑和其他物质文化具有明显的自主性。世界自然大学<s:1> nster调查项目“瓦迪阿布多姆旅程”（2009-2016）的结果表明，瓦迪阿布多姆上游的游牧经济与久坐和移动的生活方式和经济概念密切相关。对2017年至2019年在El Tuweina发现的材料进行分析，旨在验证这些关于巴尤达中部社会和经济历史的一般假设，并调查El Tuweina定居点在中期和长期文化景观中的作用。对El Tuweina的陶瓷和小发现的分析首先是为了回答巴尤达中部文化与区域间占主导地位的梅罗文化之间的文化联系程度的问题。这也使得我们可以间接得出结论，说明麦罗帝国的国家结构对人口稀少的外围地区的政治行政影响。对植物和动物样本的分析主要是为了回答当时人口的经济基础问题。主要问题是，以前对自给经济的印象是否得到证实，这种印象的主要特点是牧民结构和流动模式，对尼罗河谷的依赖程度很低。另一个特别的问题是，在梅罗时期，巴尤达中部的人口是否属于所谓的“牛复合体”文化的一部分（这也意味着最近的尼罗河或富拉尼语社区的社会文化连续性）。