Wadi Abu Dom Investigations – El Rum Oasis

El Rum绿洲位于苏丹Bayuda沙漠的Wadi Abu Dom下游，距离喀土穆西北约330公里。至少有四个重要的古代建筑群，根据我们目前的知识，可以追溯到古代晚期，主要是公元前一千年和公元一千年的几个墓地，以及不同时期的各种其他考古遗址（例如定居点和牧民营地）。绿洲中的灌溉农业过去是（现在仍然是）由紧密的威尔斯网络实现的。虽然下瓦迪阿布多姆-距离尼罗河只有一天的路程-可以被视为纳帕塔和杰贝勒巴尔卡尔周围的库什特宗教中心的腹地，但申请人的调查项目“瓦迪阿布多姆路线”和目前研究项目的第一阶段“瓦迪阿布多姆调查-拉姆绿洲”迄今没有发现多少证据表明，将El Rum绿洲纳入Kushite或Makurian州的政治和经济一体化。该项目的第二阶段继续进行第一阶段项目在El Rum绿洲的挖掘和景观考古研究。核心科学问题是铁器时代和中世纪早期绿洲的生态和社会经济发展，它对波动的气候和生态条件的适应（即中世纪早期气候异常），以及它与尼罗河流域沿着梅罗伊和努比亚中世纪国家核心地区的文化，政治，行政和经济关系。特别是，重点将是对Umm Ruweim 1建筑群的进一步考古研究，以及绿洲中历史威尔斯井周围的地质考古发掘和土壤分析。 通过对其集水区的历史水文、景观生态和土地利用开发进行更广泛的调查，这将得到密切的加强。为了实现这些研究目标，来自考古学、地质学、地理信息学、景观生态学、动物学和植物学领域的研究人员之间必须进行密切的跨学科合作。

The oasis of El Rum is located in the lower Wadi Abu Dom in the Bayuda desert in Sudan, about 330 km northwest of Khartoum. There are at least four important ancient building complexes which, according to our current knowledge, date to Late Antiquity, several necropoleis mainly of the 1st millennium BC and the 1st millennium AD, as well as various other archaeological sites of different periods (e.g. settlement sites and pastoralist camp sites). Irrigation agriculture in the oasis was (and still is) enabled by a tight network of wells. Although the lower Wadi Abu Dom - only a day's journey from the Nile - can be seen as the hinterland of the Kushite religious centre around Napata and Jebel Barkal, the applicant's survey project "Wadi Abu Dom Itinerary" and the first project phase of the current research project "Wadi Abu Dom Investigations - El Rum Oasis" have so far found little evidence implying a closer cultural, political and economic integration of El Rum oasis into the Kushite or Makurian state. The second phase of the project continues the excavations and landscape archaeological research at El Rum Oasis from the first project phase. The core scientific questions are the ecological and socio-economic development of the oasis in the Iron Age and the early Medieval period, its adaptation to fluctuating climatic and ecological conditions (i.e. the early Medieval Climate Anomaly), as well as its cultural, political-administrative and economic relationship to the core areas of the Meroitic and Nubian medieval states along the Nile valley. In particular, the focus will be on further archaeological research at the building complex Umm Ruweim 1 as well as geo-archaeological excavations and soil analysis around the historical wells in the oasis. This will be closely augmented by a broader investigation of the historical hydrology, landscape ecology and land use development of its catchment area. To meet these research objectives, close transdisciplinary cooperation is necessary between researchers from the fields of archaeology, geology, geoinformatics, landscape ecology, zoology and botany.