Evaluation and Improvement of Urban Water Systems

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In order to evaluate and improve reliability of water supply systems, the methodology to examine the reliability of each element and the system redundancy was presented by using AHP.This method gave comparative importance of each element to increase the system reliability.New method of water demand forecast which could give more accurate result was investigated. The structure of water usage which includes the innovation of water use machines and water use action was investigated. On the basis of those investigation the water demand forecast and the effective measure to save water were examined. The application of GA for dam operation was examined to increase reliability of water resources.The damage and restoration process of water supply and sewerage systems by the Great Hanshin Awaji Earthquake were examined. Not only mechanical damage but also functional failure was studied. This study could give basic information of urban water systems when earthquake occurred.