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Studies on the macropore morphology of grassland soil determined by X-ray and contrast media.

X射线和对比介质测定草地土壤大孔形态的研究

基本信息

批准号：
06660083
负责人：
SATO Koichi
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
KITASATO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06660083/
关键词：
Aggregate Grassland Soil Macropore Pore morphology Pores formed by roots rooted pore soil structure X-ray 草地土壌

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine the morphology of macropores in the grassland soils. The morphology of macropores was studied on the universal of the pore formed by roots (rooted pore), the actual condition, the formative period of the pore formed by roots, and pore formed by particles and aggregates. Soil samples were collected from seven domestic and overseas soils. The macropore of particles and aggregates was from quartz sand, glass beads, grain of Andsol, aggregates of the Andsol, and aggregates of earthworm. The morphology of pores showed that the shap of almost all macropores is the rooted pore in the permanent grassland.The pores formed by particles and aggregates were consisted of inter-particles and inter-aggregates, that morphology was a globular form or a rod-shaped form. The Pores formed by aggregates of the earthworm were network structure of the spongy body. In the drainage and water-retention zone, the macropore was consisted of the rooted pore except under the influence of the earth-worm and weather. The morphology of the non-capillary pores observed the rooted pore in the dense and solid sur-face soil layr in Andosol, heavy clay, and steppe soil. The pore direction was in the horizontal and slant in rootmat of the sur-face soil layr, but the sub sur-face soil and subsoil layr is not clear in the steppe soil and brown forest soil in England. The morphology of the capillary pores was shaped by the rooted pore, inter-particles and inter-aggregates in the density and sandy each surface soil layr. The sub sur-face soil layr and subsoil layr were consisted all inter-particles and inter-aggregates in the sandy soil. In the clay soil, all the morphology of macropores was shaped by the rooted pore. The formative period of the rooted pore was for three years. The macropores of the grassland soil consisted mainly of the rooted pore formed by plant roots, that was universal phenomenon in the grassland soil.

研究了草原土壤大孔隙的形态特征。从根孔的普遍性、根孔的实际条件、根孔的形成时期、颗粒孔和团聚体孔等方面对大孔的形态进行了研究。采集了7个国内外土壤样品。颗粒和团聚体的大孔隙主要来源于石英砂、玻璃珠、红粘土颗粒、红粘土团聚体和粘土团聚体。孔隙形态分析表明，在永久性草地中，大孔隙的形状几乎都是根状孔隙，由颗粒和团聚体形成的孔隙由颗粒间和团聚体间组成，其形态为球状或棒状。多孔体的孔隙由多孔体的聚集体形成，为海绵体的网状结构。在排水保水区，除受蚯蚓和气候影响外，大孔隙由根孔组成。非毛管孔隙的形态观察到根孔分布在土壤、重粘土和草原土的致密、坚实的表层土壤中。在英国草原土和棕色森林土中，表层土壤根垫的孔隙方向为水平和倾斜，而亚表层土壤和下层土壤的孔隙方向不明显。在密度和桑迪各表层土壤中，根孔、粒间和团聚体共同塑造了毛管孔隙的形态。在桑迪中，表层和下层土壤均由颗粒间和团聚体间组成。在粘性土中，大孔隙的形态均由根孔形成。根孔的形成期为3年。草原土壤的大孔隙主要由植物根系形成的根孔组成，这是草原土壤中普遍存在的现象。