A historical cohort study on mortality of shipyard workers exposed to asbestos.

为了调查职业性石棉暴露对造船厂工人死亡原因的影响，对190名男性雇员进行了跟踪调查，他们在1947年至1971年期间进入日本横须贺的一家造船公司后担任锅炉机械师或绝缘体工作6个月以上。对员工本人或其家属进行了追踪，其中182人（95.8%）成功找到; 120名锅炉机械师中有114人，69名绝缘子中有68人。平均有182名雇员在34.9岁（SD 10.2）时开始工作，他们的就业时间为14.1年（SD 10.3）。通过结构化封闭式问卷进行的面对面访谈发现，17.6%的受访者从未吸烟，37.2%戒烟，45.2%目前吸烟。截至1995年底，共有97名工人死亡，我们将他们在死亡证明中报告的根本原因归类为ICD 10规定的代码。所有癌症的死亡率最高，为27例，其中包括10例lu ...更多信息 ng癌症。使用1947年至1995年期间所有日本男性的5个年龄别死因死亡率表和5个年龄和5个日历年亚组受试者的人-年总和计算死因别标准化死亡率比（SMR）。我们还计算了置信区间（C.I.）基于Poisson分布的SMR。共获得3918人年的锅炉机械。间皮瘤、腹膜恶性肿瘤、缺血性和风湿性心脏病以外的心脏病以及机械工尘肺的SMR在统计学上显示高于1，58.8 [95% C.I.：3.0-338.6]、24.4 [1.2-140.4]、2.2 [1.1-4.2]和65.2 [17.8-191.5]。我们从绝缘子中获得了2230人年，他们的肺癌和尘肺的SMR分别为3.0 [1.2-7.1]和38.5 [2.0-221.4]，这是显著高于1。这些结果表明，职业石棉暴露增加肺癌，间皮瘤和尘肺的发病风险。少

To investigate the effect of occupational asbestos exposure on causes of deaths among shipyard workers, 190 male employees, who worked as boiler mechanics or insulators for more than six months after entering a shiphard company in Yokosuka, Japan in the period between 1947 and 1971, were followed. The employees themselves or their bereaved families were traced and 182 of them (95.8%) were successfully located ; 114 of 120 boiler mechanics and 68 of 69 insulators. On average 182 employees initiated the job at the age of 34.9 (SD 10.2) and their employment duration was 14.1 (SD 10.3) years. In-person interviews with structured closed-ended questionnaires found that 17.6% of the respondents never smoked, 37.2% quitted smoking and 45.2% currently smoked. Till the end of 1995 ninety-seven workers had died and we classified their underlying causes reported in death certificates into the codes ruled by ICD 10. Deaths from all cancers showed the highest frequency of 27 including 10 cases of lu … More ng cancer. Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated using tables of five-age-specific mortality rates of the causes for all Japanese men and the sum of person-years of the subjects tabulated into five-age and five-calendar year subgroups between 1947 and 1995. We also calculated confidence intervals (C.I.) of SMRs based on Poisson distribution. A total of 3918 person-years were obtained from the boiler mechanics. SMRs of mesothelium, malignant neoplasm of peritoneum, heart diseases other than ischemic and rheumatic origin, and pneumoconiosis for the mechanics showed statistically higher values than unity, 58.8 [95%C.I. : 3.0-338.6], 24.4 [1.2-140.4], 2.2 [1.1-4.2] and 65.2 [17.8-191.5], respectively. We obtained 2230 person-years from the insulators and their SMRs of lung cancer and pneumoconiosis were 3.0 [1.2-7.1] and 38.5 [2.0-221.4], respectively, which were significantly higher than unity. These results indicated that occupational asbestos exposure increased the risk of developing lung cancer, mesothelium and pneumoconiosis. Less