Influence of visual and vestibular interaction upon the onset of motion sickness

我们调查了视觉和前庭相互作用对运动病发病的影响。在这项研究中，我们进行了两项实验，一项是研究视动(OK)刺激时的旋转/漂浮感觉，另一项是直线加速时视觉目标对运动病发病的影响。为探讨刺激强度对周边视网膜的影响，对22名健康受试者进行了宽视角条纹(SOKN)和大量随机点(ROKN)两种视标的OKN测试。测试对象被要求第一次通知他们何时感觉到手部开关的旋转感觉(Tr)。通过人工测量慢相速度时间进程图，分析视动适应极限(TOAL)前的时间。TOT…的平均值之间没有差异在SOKN和ROKN中，由于慢相速度不能完全跟随靶速度，视网膜滑移发生，并且随着靶速度的增加，视网膜滑移也随之增加，并且随着靶速度的增加，视网膜滑移也随之增加。视网膜滑移的增加可能通过视觉和前庭的相互作用而引起视动性眩晕。在SOKN，我们的结果表明，在TOAL之前或之后不久，视网膜滑移的平均值与Toal相似，并且与Toal高度相关。另一方面，ROKN虽然与Toal高度相关，但平均TR值比SOKN短约14个SEE。ROKN比SOKN刺激更强的外周视野，较少的视网膜滑移可能导致更强的视动力刺激引起的视觉眩晕。在实验中，受试者通过直线加速和视动刺激的总和比通过旋转运动和视动模拟来抱怨更强的旋转感觉。这一结果表明，对耳石病的刺激对前庭-眼挫伤和前庭自主神经反射的影响比对半规管的影响更大，为研究视力对运动病的影响提供了有用的信息。较少

We investigated the influence between visual and vestibular interaction upon the onset of motion sickness. In this rescarch, we performed two trials, one was the investigation of rotary/floating sensation during optokinetic (OK) stimulation, and the other, that of the influence of visual target during lincar acceleration upon the onset of motion sickness.During optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) testing many test subjects feel rotary sensation. In order to investigate the influence of the stimulating strength to the peripheral retina, two kinds of OKN,one visual target of which was wide visual angle stripes (SOKN), and the other, numerous random dots (ROKN), were tested to 22 healthy subjects. The test subjects were requested to inform the first time when they felt rotatory sensation (TR) by a hand switch. The time until an optokinetic adapatation limit (TOAL) was analyzed by manual measurement on the graph of slow phase velocity time course. There was no difference between the average of TOT … More AL in SOKN and that in ROKN.In SOKN, the average of TR was almost similar to that of TOAL.On the other hand, the average of TR in ROKN was significantly shorter than that in SOKN.In both testing consitions, TR significantly correlated to TOAL.In OKN by a constant acceleration, because the slow phase velocity cannot completely follow the target velocity, retinal slip occurs and increases according to an increase of the target velocity. The increase of the retinal slip might cause optokinetic induced vertigo by the visual and vestibular interaction. In SOKN,our results, that the average of TR was similar to that of TOAL and that TR highly correlated to TOAL,indicate that the retinal slip quickly increases shortly before or after TOAL.On the other hand, in ROKN,although TR highly correlated to TOAL,the average TR was about 14 see shorter than in SOKN.In ROKN,which stimulates the periphcral visual field stronger than in SOKN, the less retinal slip could cause the stronger visual induced vertigo by optokinetic stimulation. Morcover, test subjects complained stronger rotary sensation by the summation of linear acceleration and optokinetic stimulation than by that of rotary movement and optokinetic atimulation. This results indicates that stimulation to the otolithy more strongly affected to the vestibulo-ocular intcraction and to the vestibulo autonomic reflex than to the semicircular canals.Our result seemed to provide useful information to the study about the influence of vision to motion sickness. Less