ESTABLISHMENT OF A EVALUATION SYSTEM OF THE EXTRA AND INTRA-ORAL VACUUM ASPIRATOR

牙科手术室空气被牙科手术过程中产生的牙本质尖、唾液、血液、细菌和病毒等空气颗粒物污染，通过口外或口内吸尘器吸入和清除这些颗粒物是为患者和牙科工作人员创造健康舒适的环境的关键步骤。市场上出现了各种牙科吸引器，但对吸引器的特点知之甚少。目前，每个生产商都推出了自己的标准。结果如下。口腔外真空吸引器(EOVA)的风速为3.2~3.70m~3/min。这一速度相当于引射器的10200倍，是口腔内真空吸引器(IOVA)的22倍。用噪声测量仪测量了口腔内真空吸引器的吸声噪声。在被检测的常规型吸引器中，A型和C型之间有很大的差异，即…的噪声更多的是分布在低频段的常规吸引器。结果：1.大多数新型吸引器在EOVA关闭时的峰值电流为7.1~19.7A，稳定期的峰值电流为1.4~2.0倍电流，而常规型吸引器的峰值电流为30~37A。临床应用中对吸引器的综合评价对吸引器的效果进行检测。采用每一定体积空气中的颗粒数作为牙齿准备过程中产生的颗粒物的标志。结果表明，与制备前相比，‘0.3um颗粒’增加了7.7倍，‘0.5um颗粒’增加了53倍，‘1um颗粒’增加了151倍，‘2um颗粒’增加了127倍，‘5um颗粒’增加了28倍，在同时使用EOVA和IONA的情况下，>0.5um的颗粒减少到了制备前的颗粒数量水平。EOVA比IOVA更能有效地吸收5um颗粒。较少

Air of the dental operating room is contaminated with airborne particles, produced during the dental operation, such as dentine tip, saliva, blood, bacteria and virus.Suction and removal of these particles through the extra-oral or intra-oral aspirator is a crusial procedure to prepare sound and comfortable environment of patients and dental staffs.Various kinds of dental aspirators have appeared on our market, but little is known about the characteristics of the aspirators. At the moment each producer introduced its own standard.The results were as follows.1. Electrical and mechanical propertiesWind velocity of the extra-oral vacuum aspirator (EOVA) was 3.2-3.70 m^3/min. This velocity corresponded to 10200 times that of the ejector, and was 22 times that of the intra-oral vacuum aspirator (IOVA).Suction noise of the EOVA was measured using a noise meter.Among the aspirators examined the conventional type showed large difference between A mode and C mode, Namely this means the noise of … More a conventional aspirator distributed in the low frequency range. On the whole, most of the new type aspirators showed no difference in these values.Peak current at the closure of the EOVA was 7.1-19.7 A in the new types, and was 1.4-2.0 times current at the stable phase, though peak current was 30-37 A in the conventional type.2. The total evaluation of the aspirator in the clinical practiceThe effect of the aspirator was examined. The number of particles per a definite volume of air was adopted as the marker of the particles produced during the tooth preparation. As the result, there were 7.7 times increase in the '0.3mum particle', 53 times increase in the '0.5mum particle', 151 times increase in the '1mum particle', 127 times increase in the '2mum particle', 28 times increase in the '5mum particle', respectively, as compared with the number of particles before the preparation.In the case of using both of EOVA and IONA,particles more than 0.5mum' has decreased to the level of the number of the particle before the preparation. The EOVA showed higher effectiveness on sucking '5mum particle' than the IOVA. Less