ESTABLISHMENT OF A EVALUATION SYSTEM OF THE EXTRA AND INTRA-ORAL VACUUM ASPIRATOR

牙科手术室的空气被牙科手术过程中产生的空气微粒污染，如牙本质尖端、唾液、血液、细菌和病毒等。通过口外或口内吸引器吸出这些颗粒是一种重要的操作程序，为患者和牙科工作人员提供良好舒适的环境。市场上出现了各种各样的吸痰器，但人们对吸痰器的特点了解甚少。目前，每个生产商都推出了自己的标准。实验结果如下：电力学性能口外真空吸引器（EOVA）风速为3.2 ~ 3.70 m^3/min。该速度相当于引射器的10200倍，是口腔内真空吸引器（IOVA）的22倍。采用噪声计测量EOVA的吸入噪声。在所检测的吸音器中，常规吸音器的A模态与C模态差异较大，即常规吸音器的噪声多分布在低频范围。总体而言，大多数新型吸入器在这些数值上没有差异。新型EOVA闭合时的峰值电流为7.1-19.7 A，稳定相时的峰值电流为1.4-2.0倍，而传统型EOVA闭合时的峰值电流为30-37 A。在临床实践中对该吸痰器进行了综合评价，并对其效果进行了检验。采用一定体积空气中颗粒的数量作为牙齿制备过程中产生颗粒的标记。结果表明，与制备前相比，0.3 μ m颗粒增加了7.7倍，0.5 μ m颗粒增加了53倍，1 μ m颗粒增加了151倍，2 μ m颗粒增加了127倍，5 μ m颗粒增加了28倍。在同时使用EOVA和IONA的情况下，大于0.5mum'的颗粒已经减少到制备前的颗粒数量水平。EOVA对“5mum粒子”的吸收率高于IOVA。少

Air of the dental operating room is contaminated with airborne particles, produced during the dental operation, such as dentine tip, saliva, blood, bacteria and virus.Suction and removal of these particles through the extra-oral or intra-oral aspirator is a crusial procedure to prepare sound and comfortable environment of patients and dental staffs.Various kinds of dental aspirators have appeared on our market, but little is known about the characteristics of the aspirators. At the moment each producer introduced its own standard.The results were as follows.1. Electrical and mechanical propertiesWind velocity of the extra-oral vacuum aspirator (EOVA) was 3.2-3.70 m^3/min. This velocity corresponded to 10200 times that of the ejector, and was 22 times that of the intra-oral vacuum aspirator (IOVA).Suction noise of the EOVA was measured using a noise meter.Among the aspirators examined the conventional type showed large difference between A mode and C mode, Namely this means the noise of … More a conventional aspirator distributed in the low frequency range. On the whole, most of the new type aspirators showed no difference in these values.Peak current at the closure of the EOVA was 7.1-19.7 A in the new types, and was 1.4-2.0 times current at the stable phase, though peak current was 30-37 A in the conventional type.2. The total evaluation of the aspirator in the clinical practiceThe effect of the aspirator was examined. The number of particles per a definite volume of air was adopted as the marker of the particles produced during the tooth preparation. As the result, there were 7.7 times increase in the '0.3mum particle', 53 times increase in the '0.5mum particle', 151 times increase in the '1mum particle', 127 times increase in the '2mum particle', 28 times increase in the '5mum particle', respectively, as compared with the number of particles before the preparation.In the case of using both of EOVA and IONA,particles more than 0.5mum' has decreased to the level of the number of the particle before the preparation. The EOVA showed higher effectiveness on sucking '5mum particle' than the IOVA. Less