The Acceptance of Western pharmacy in Meiji era, Japan

日本明治时代对西药的接受

• 批准号: 06680135
• 负责人: OGUCHI Chiaki
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06680135/
• 关键词: Meiji era; modernization; Chinese pharmacy; Western pharmacy; patent medicine; influenza; historial geography; Nara Prefecture; 目薬; 風邪薬; 製薬

The aim of this study is to clarify the regional characteristics of the acceptance of the Western pharmacy in Meiji era in Japan. Between Edo and Meiji era, there were many traditional pharmacists and patent medecines in Japan. Those traditional pharmacists and patent medicines were based on the old Chinese and Japanese medical systems. The acceptance of the Western pharmacy means the process of areal modernization in Meiji era in Japan.According to the notes of the pharmacists in Gojo Town, Nara Prefecture, 1900 (meiji 33), we found the distribution of the pharmacists and the kinds of the patent medicines in Meiji era. The pharmacists lived in Osaka, Tokyo and the other rrban area made some new kinds of medicines using Western materials. But there were also many pharmacists using only traditional Chinese and Japanese materials. The other pharmacists in runal area-Tamataki Village in Mie, Myotera village in Wakayama-had producted the patent medicines using Western materials. The difference of the early or late acceptance of Western system was not the result of the stage of urbanization of the production areas of medicines. The regional process of the acceptance of Western pharmacy refferred to the utility of the patent medicines for digestion, stomachache or influenza.

本研究旨在厘清明治时期日本对西药学接受的地域性特征。江户至明治时期，日本出现了许多传统药师和专利药。这些传统的药师和中成药是建立在中国和日本的旧医疗制度的基础上的。日本明治时代对西方药剂学的接受，意味着日本地域现代化的进程，根据1900年（明治33年）奈良县五条町药剂师手记，我们可以了解到明治时代药剂师的分布情况和中成药的种类。大坂、东京等地的药师用西洋材料制作了一些新药。但也有许多药剂师只使用传统的中国和日本材料。其他在鲁纳尔地区的药剂师--三重的玉泷村、和歌山的妙寺村--都是用西方材料生产专利药物的。对西方制度接受的早与晚的差异，并不是由于药材产地城市化阶段的不同而造成的。西药学的区域性接受过程主要体现在消化、胃痛、流感等中成药的应用上。