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A fundamental study on the change of climatic environment caused by a large-scale human activity

大规模人类活动引起的气候环境变化的基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
06680158
负责人：
YAMASHITA Shuji
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Tokyo Gakugei University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06680158/
关键词：
large-scale human activity degree of urbanization climatic environment heat island land cover landuse thermal image 都市気候都市化熱画像人間活動

项目摘要

This is a fundamental study on the cange of climatic environment a largescale human activity. In this study both the methodology and the field study are considered. Here a large-scale human activity is defined the degree of urbanization caused due to the Winter Olimpic Game. The indices such as population, DID population, sky view and so on is taken up into consideration as the degree of urbanization. The study area is the Nagano basin, Nagano Prefecture which is chosen as a example which has been effected by a large scale human activity due to a host country for the 1996 Winter Olimpic Game. Also the cities selected for the special field study of heat island phenomena are Nagano, Susaka, Nakano, Shinonoi, Matsushiro, Obuse, Toyono. heat island is observed by the moving observation system using the HC-40 handheld computer. Surprisingly heat island intensity in the small town of Obuse amounted to 4.2 C which was almost similar to the value observed in European and North American cities. Also in a small city of Nakano considerably large heat island intensity was observed for city size. This is explained with the change of land cover materials and increasing high buildings. In the largest city of Nagano in this area frequency distribution of heat island intensity is also obtained compared with Shinshu-shinmati and Sugadaira which are located in the mountainous area outside the Nagano basin. Landsat data is also proved to be effective for this study.

这是对气候环境变化这一大规模人类活动的基础性研究。在本研究中，既考虑了方法论，也考虑了实地研究。在这里，大规模的人类活动被定义为因冬奥会而导致的城市化程度。将人口、DID人口、天空景观等指标作为城市化程度的衡量指标。研究区域以长野县长野盆地为例，由于1996年冬奥会主办国的原因，该流域受到了大规模人类活动的影响。被选为热岛现象专门领域研究的城市还有长野、苏萨卡、中野、信野、松广、奥兹、丰野。利用HC-40手持式计算机对移动观测系统进行了热岛观测。令人惊讶的是，奥布兹小镇的热岛强度达到了4.2摄氏度，几乎与欧洲和北美城市的观测结果相似。同样，在中野的一个小城市，观测到了相当大的城市规模的热岛强度。这与土地覆盖材料的变化和高层建筑的增加有关。该地区最大的城市长野市的热岛强度频数分布也与位于长野盆地外山区的新州新松市和杉原市进行了比较。陆地卫星数据也被证明对这项研究是有效的。