Dynamic memory (re-)activation in human decision making

人类决策中的动态记忆（重新）激活

• 批准号: 444526808
• 负责人: Dr. Bernhard Spitzer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Forschungsgruppe Adaptive Gedächtnis- und Entscheidungsprozesse
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/444526808?language=en
• 关键词: Dynamic; memory; re; activation; human

When making decisions, our individual and situational preferences are strongly influenced by past experience and learning. Neurocognitive accounts of value-based choice have traditionally focused on procedural and semantic memory functions, in complement to formal descriptions of subjective value- and probability weighting functions in behavioral economics. More recently, it has increasingly been hypothesized that decisions may be crucially shaped also by retrieval and (re-)activation of concrete memories, for instance, in terms of sampling from episodic memory. To date, the contribution of concrete memory reactivation to decision-making, despite its theoretical and intuitive appeal, has not been studied directly in human neural signals. Here, we seek to fill this gap using a newly developed analytical framework to disclose dynamic memory (re-)activations in human electroencephalographic patterns during decisional deliberation. In a series of experiments, we test for reactivation of previously encountered value items during decisional evaluation in (i) simple value judgments, (ii) transitive inference, and (iii) context-dependent value learning. In further studies, we adopt the same analysis framework to test the extent to which endogenous (re-)activation of previously experienced outcomes governs (iv) subjective preferences in risky choice and (v) active risk-taking in a dynamic “real-world” scenario. Fusing multivariate neural pattern analyses with computational modelling of behavior, and capitalizing on the millisecond resolution of human electroencephalography, we seek to gain insights into the temporal dynamics of memory sampling, and its behavioral relevance in human decisional deliberation.

在做决定时，我们的个人和情境偏好受到过去经验和学习的强烈影响。传统上，基于价值的选择的神经认知解释主要集中在程序和语义记忆功能上，以补充行为经济学中对主观价值和概率加权函数的正式描述。最近，人们越来越多地假设，决策也可能受到具体记忆的提取和（重新）激活的影响，例如，从情景记忆中取样。到目前为止，具体的记忆再激活对决策的贡献，尽管它的理论和直观的呼吁，还没有直接在人类神经信号的研究。在这里，我们试图填补这一空白，使用一个新开发的分析框架，揭示动态记忆（再）激活人类脑电图模式在决策审议。在一系列的实验中，我们测试重新激活以前遇到的价值项目在决策评估（i）简单的价值判断，（ii）传递性推理，（iii）上下文相关的价值学习。在进一步的研究中，我们采用相同的分析框架，以测试在何种程度上内源性（重新）激活先前经历的结果支配（iv）主观偏好的风险选择和（v）积极冒险在一个动态的“现实世界”的情况。融合多变量神经模式分析与行为的计算建模，并利用人类脑电图的毫秒分辨率，我们试图深入了解记忆采样的时间动态，及其在人类决策审议的行为相关性。