Keeping meristems at balance – stem cell maintenance and termination in flowers with two meristem types

保持分生组织平衡 具有两种分生组织类型的花中干细胞的维持和终止

• 批准号: 448534203
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Annette Becker
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Spezielle Botanik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/448534203?language=en
• 关键词: Keeping; meristems; balance; stem; cell

The maintenance of stem cell activity in the floral meristem is required for the establishment of the basic structure of a flower. Only one type of floral meristem exists in the flowers of most plants, from which floral organs initiate successively in a simple, straightforward way generating a whorled arrangement of floral organs. Some plants produce a second, ring-like meristem whose prolonged activity allows the production of stamens even after the central floral meristem ceased in the process of carpel development. This evolutionary novelty leads to a more flexible growth mode allowing adjustment of stamen number until late in flower development.The molecular basis underlying the formation of the ring meristem is unclear, yet it is very likely that ectopic expression, alternative rewiring and patterning of the stem cell determination program is modified. The aim of this project is to obtain mechanistic insights into the development and maintenance of two neighboring meristems. Moreover, we aim to elucidate the molecular base of ring meristem origin. We want to compare two closely related Papaveraceae species, one with (Eschscholzia californica) and one without ring meristem (Pteridophyllum racemosum) regarding 1) genes regulating the stem cell activity of meristems, 2) their expression pattern and genetic functions. In addition, we 3) aim to identify the similarities and differences of the distinct meristem types and 4) want to understand the evolutionary processes leading to the origin of the ring meristem at the molecular scale. We believe that launching this project will significantly improve our understanding of essential biological issues such as “the maintenance of stem cell activity”, “the origin of novel meristem types”, “the molecular basis of flower diversification in basic structure”, and reaches into the basic ecological question addressing the molecular base for resource allocation between male and female reproductive structures.

建立花的基本结构需要花卉分生组织中干细胞活性的维持。大多数植物的花朵中只有一种花生生物存在，花器的花卉器官以一种简单，直接的方式成功发起，产生花卉器官的整体布置。一些植物产生了第二个戒指样分生组织，即使在心皮发育过程中停止了中央花生分生组织后，其长时间的活性也可以产生雄蕊。这种进化的新颖性导致了更灵活的生长模式，可以调整雄蕊数量，直到花朵发育后期。环形分生组织形成的分子基础尚不清楚，但很有可能会改变回声表达，替代性重新启动和干细胞确定程序的模式。该项目的目的是获得对两个相邻分生组织的发展和维护的机械见解。此外，我们旨在阐明环分生组织的分子碱基。我们要比较两种密切相关的豆豆科，一种与（Eschscholzia californica）和一个无环分生组织（pteridophyllum caremosum）的物种，关于1）控制分生组织的干细胞活性的基因，2）其表达模式和遗传功能。此外，我们3）旨在确定独特的分生组织类型的相似性和差异，4）想要了解导致在分子尺度上引起环分生组织起源的进化过程。我们认为，启动该项目将显着提高我们对基本生物学问题的理解，例如“维持干细胞活性”，“新分生组织类型的起源”，“基本结构中花朵多样化的分子基础”，并进入了基本的生态问题，以解决男性和女性重复性结构之间资源分配的分子基础。