Phylotranscriptomics of the carpel developmental toolkit - an evo-devo study towards understanding the origin of flowering plants

心皮发育工具包的系统转录组学 - 一项旨在了解开花植物起源的 evo-devo 研究

• 批准号: 284716054
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Annette Becker
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Spezielle Botanik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/284716054?language=en
• 关键词: Phylotranscriptomics; carpel; developmental; toolkit; evo

Carpels (female reproductive organs of flowering plants) are of major economic importance as most of our food is ultimately derived from carpel tissue and they are a defining innovation for flowering plants. The evolutionary origin of the carpel is a fundamental yet unresolved developmental innovation contributing to the origin of angiosperms. Amazingly, little is known about the origin and conservation of the developmental program of the carpel besides the knowledge generated by utilizing Arabidopsis thaliana. Our research would address critical questions about the origin and evolution of gene interaction network controlling carpel development in diverse angiosperm lineages. For example, we will determine whether genes contributing to carpel development originated with the angiosperms or predated the origin of angiosperms in the ancestral angiosperm. If the former, we will elucidate how angiosperm-specific carpel development genes originated and evolved over angiosperm history and how the carpel developmental gene network has diversified across major angiosperm lineages. We will deepen our fundamental understanding of carpel development and evolution through comparative analysis of transcriptomes from carpels and female cones of gymnosperms, the sister group to angiosperms across different developmental stages in a wide range of phylogenetically informative and economically important species including the angiosperms Amborella trichopoda (most basal angiosperm), Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress, core eudicot model organism), Eschscholzia californica (basal eudicot), Oryza sativa (rice, monocot), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato, core eudicot), and the gymnosperms Picea abies (Norway spruce, conifer), and Welwitschia mirabilis (gnetales). In order to gain a precise understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of gene expression in carpel development, we will employ Laser Capture Microdissection. Non-standard comparative transcriptome analysis will be performed to identify a set of core genes utilized for carpel development in the majority of species in an unbiased way. We will compare in several dimensions: (i) across different carpel developmental stages, (ii) between leaf and carpel tissue, (iii) across angiosperms and two gymnosperms to extract our candidate genes specifically from non-model plant organisms. Functional analyses by observing knock-out and knock-down phenotypes will be performed on genes implicated as most important for carpel initiation and development. This work will reveal novel, highly conserved carpel development regulators that were the prerequisite for the carpel, and thus angiosperm origin and which might also prove useful for crop optimization in the long run.

心皮（开花植物的女性生殖器官）具有重要的经济意义，因为我们的大多数食物最终都来自皮心组织，它们是开花植物的定义创新。地球的进化起源是一种基本但尚未解决的发展创新，促进了被子植物的起源。令人惊讶的是，除了利用拟南芥所产生的知识外，对地球发展计划的起源和保护知之甚少。我们的研究将解决有关基因相互作用网络的起源和演变，控制了各种被子植物谱系中心皮的发展。 例如，我们将确定有助于地球发育的基因是由被子植物起源于被子植物还是早于祖先被子植物中被子植物的起源。如果前者，我们将阐明被子植物特异性的皮肤发育基因如何起源和发展，并在被子植物的历史上以及皮肤发展基因网络如何在主要的被子植物谱系中多样化。 We will deepen our fundamental understanding of carpel development and evolution through comparative analysis of transcriptomes from carpels and female cones of gymnosperms, the sister group to angiosperms across different developmental stages in a wide range of phylogenetically informative and economically important species including the angiosperms Amborella trichopoda (most basal angiosperm), Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress, core eudicot model organism), Eschscholzia Californica（基础Eudicot），Oryza sativa（米饭，单子病），索拉诺姆番茄（番茄，核心Eudicot）和Gymnosperms Picea abies（挪威云杉，针叶树）和Welwitschia Mirabilis（Gnetales）。为了确切地了解心皮发育中基因表达的空间和时间动力学，我们将采用激光捕获显微解剖。将进行非标准的比较转录组分析，以识别大多数物种在大多数物种中使用的一组核心基因。我们将在几个维度上进行比较：（i）跨越不同的皮肤发育阶段，（ii）叶和皮肤组织之间的（iii）跨被子植物和两个裸子植物，以从非模型植物生物体中提取我们的候选基因。通过观察敲除和敲除表型来进行功能分析，将对对地球起始和发育最重要的基因进行。这项工作将揭示出新颖的，高度保守的地球发育调节剂，这些调节剂是地球的先决条件，因此是被子植物的起源，从长远来看，这也可能对作物优化有用。