A Hebrew Dante: Moshe da Rieti's "Miqdash Me'at," its Cultural Background and its Reception

希伯来但丁：摩西·达·里蒂的“Miqdash Meat”，其文化背景及其接受度

• 批准号: 449507482
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Elisabeth Hollender
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Seminar für Judaistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/449507482?language=en
• 关键词: Hebrew; Dante; Moshe; da; Rieti

Moshe ben Yitzhaq of Rieti (Mosè di Gaio, Rieti 1388-Rome, before 1466) was the main Jewish-Italian philosopher and poet of the first half of the 15th century. His main work, Miqdash me’at (Little Sanctuary) is a poem of about 5000 Hebrew verses in terza rima (the meter used in Dante’s Divine Comedy) with a religious, scientific and philosophical content. Using a subdivision that corresponds to the different areas of the Jerusalem Temple, Rieti expounds first the profane or “external” sciences of the medieval trivium and quadrivium. He specifically refers to various ancient Greek thinkers, such as Aristotle, Euclid, Ptolemy and Porphyry, as well as Arab (al-Fārābi, al-Ghazālī, Avicenna, Averroes) and Jewish (Gersonides) philosophers. His principal point of reference is Maimonides, who “reconciled” the profane sciences with the Torah. Among all disciplines, poetry occupies a special place, as it allows the author’s love of intellectual contemplation to express itself fully. Another section of the work includes a description of Paradise, reminiscent of Dante in the general inspiration but also in the use of elements drawn from Jewish literary tradition. Rieti’s work probably represents the late stage of a Jewish-Italian school of thought, initiated by the philosopher Judah Romano (ca. 1293-after 1330), that associates the centrality of Maimonides’ rationalistic thought and neo-platonic elements drawn from the Liber de causis. The idea of the loss of knowledge, and their possible recovery through semi-prophetic visions, expressed in that school, is particularly emphasized in Rieti’s work. His oeuvre is among the most important and original poetic/philosophical endeavors of the Late Middle Age/early Renaissance Jewish and Italian culture; but is accessible only through a 19th century incomplete edition, without notes or commentary. A French/German research group, whose principal investigators have complementary research skills and experiences (and worked together in the past), together with some young researchers, plan a thorough study of it, that will include a complete English prose-translation and a critical edition with extensive notes and an in-depth research of the cultural context and reception. Alessandro Guetta (INALCO, Paris) is a specialist of Jewish-Italian intellectual history (mainly Philosophy and literature) and has already written extensively on Moshe da Rieti; Elisabeth Hollender (Goethe University, Frankfurt) is a specialist of Hebrew poetry and commentaries of Hebrew religious poetry. Three years of philological, philosophical and literary research will make a remarkable and virtually unknown work of European-Jewish literature of the late Middle Age available to specialists and a broader audience.

列埃蒂的摩西·本·伊扎克（Mosè di Gaio，列埃蒂1388-罗马，1466年以前）是15世纪上半叶主要的犹太意大利哲学家和诗人。他的主要作品Miqdash me 'at（小圣所）是一首以terza rima（但丁的神曲中使用的格律）写成的约5000首希伯来诗，具有宗教，科学和哲学内容。Rieti使用与耶路撒冷圣殿不同区域相对应的细分，首先阐述了中世纪trivium和quadrivium的世俗或“外部”科学。他特别提到了各种古希腊思想家，如亚里士多德、欧几里得、托勒密和波菲利，以及阿拉伯（al-Fārābi, al-Ghazālī，阿维森纳，阿威罗）和犹太（格尔sonides）哲学家。他的主要参考点是迈蒙尼德，他“调和”了世俗科学与托拉。在所有学科中，诗歌占有特殊的地位，因为它使作者对知性沉思的热爱得以充分表达。作品的另一部分包括对天堂的描述，让人联想到但丁的灵感，但也使用了来自犹太文学传统的元素。里埃蒂的作品可能代表了犹太-意大利思想学派的后期阶段，该学派由哲学家犹大·罗马诺（约1293- 1330年后）发起，将迈蒙尼德的理性主义思想和从《原因论》中提取的新柏拉图主义元素联系在一起。Rieti的作品特别强调了知识的丧失，以及通过半预言性的愿景来恢复知识的可能性。他的作品是中世纪晚期/文艺复兴早期犹太文化和意大利文化中最重要和最具独创性的诗歌/哲学作品之一；但只能通过19世纪的不完整版本阅读，没有注释或评论。一个法国/德国研究小组，其主要研究人员具有互补的研究技能和经验（并在过去合作过），与一些年轻的研究人员一起，计划对它进行彻底的研究，其中将包括完整的英文散文翻译和带有大量注释的批评版本，以及对文化背景和接受的深入研究。亚历山德罗·库塔（Alessandro Guetta， INALCO，巴黎）是意大利犹太思想史（主要是哲学和文学）方面的专家，已经写了大量关于摩西·达·里耶蒂的文章；Elisabeth Hollender（法兰克福歌德大学）是希伯来诗歌和希伯来宗教诗歌评论方面的专家。三年的语言学、哲学和文学研究将为专家和更广泛的读者提供一部杰出的、几乎不为人知的中世纪晚期欧洲犹太文学作品。