A Study on Diffusive Two Dimensional Communication Technologies

当前可用的通信技术的物理形式被归类为一维或三维通信。一维通信是通过电缆进行通信，其中的电磁能量被限制在一维介质中。立体通信是通过无线电进行的通信。在这个项目中，我们提出了一种新的物理通信形式，其中电磁能量被限制在二维介质中。这些元件通过介质通过邻近连接发送/接收信号，而不需要单独的导线。这项技术使我们能够在墙壁、桌子、地板和衣服等各种材料上植入大量传感器。这些元件以高吞吐量进行通信，并提供电力。与通常的无线电通信相比，能量消耗更小。一种开发的方法是基于微波传输。阐明了一种结构简单的通信片可以对电磁波进行限制。然后，我们在薄片和传感器节点之间开发了一种高效的接近连接器。实验表明，该系统既实现了高速通信，又实现了能量供应。项目中开发的另一种方法是单元桥系统。在该系统中，通信芯片位于多个导电点的边界。它还使我们能够实现无长线的高密度传感器阵列。利用该技术，我们制作了一种具有丰富感知能力的可伸缩机器人皮肤，在这个项目中，我们开发了一种新的物理通信形式，并在各种应用中展示了其实用价值。

The physical forms of currently available communication technologies are categorized into one or three dimensional communication. One-dimensional communication is communication by cables in which electromagnetic energy is confined in one dimensional medium. Three-dimensional communication is communication by radio. In this project we proposed a new physical form of communication in which electromagnetic energy is confined in a two-dimensional medium. The elements send/receive signal through the medium by proximity connection with no individual wires. The technology enables us to implant a large number of sensors on various materials of walls, desks, floors, and clothes. The elements communicate at high throughput, being provided with electrical power. Energy consumption is smaller than that of usual radio communication.One developed method is based on microwave transmission. We clarified a simple structure of communication sheet can confine the electromagnetic wave. Then we developed an efficient proximity connector between the sheet and the sensor node. We showed that both high speed communication and energy supply are realized. Another method developed in the project is Cell-bridge system. In the system, the communication chips are located at the boundary of multiple conductive sites. It also enables us to realize a high-density sensor array with no long wires. Using the technology, we fabricated a stretchable robot skin with rich sensing abilities.In this project, we developed a new physical form of communication, and showed the practical useful ness in various applications.