权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Higher degree disposal of hardly decomposed organic halogen compounds for non-toxicity.

对难以分解的有机卤素化合物进行更高程度的处理，使其无毒。

基本信息

批准号：
15206082
负责人：
SATO Yuzuru
金额：
$ 29.04万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

As the organic compounds containing halogens such as PCB are very harmful, environmentally contaminative and hardly decomposable, it is very important to dispose the compounds. The purpose of this study is to decompose the compounds completely. Most difficult work in the process is to convert the halogen to harmless form. Therefore, we selected the molten salts with basic property as the reaction medium. This method has the advantages that are under the atmospheric pressure and the moderated temperatures n addition to strong absorbability of halogens.In this study, the molten salts used were strongly basic KOH-K_2CO_3 or NaOH-Na_2CO_3 mixtures. The sample compounds as the liquids were injected into the molten salts together with the carrier gas which were imitation air, oxygen or nitrogen. The exhaust was analyzed by means of the gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The flow rates of the sample liquid and carrier gas were controlled independently to obtain various flow rates and the concentrations.The experiments were carried out for CCl_4, monochlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene, 1,2,3 trichlorobenzene and 4,4' dichlorobiphenyl at the temperatures of 400-700℃. As 1,2,3 trichlorobenzene and 4,4' dichlorobiphenyl are solids in room temperature, they were dissolved into the organic solvent.As the results, higher than 99.998% of the decomposition efficiencies were obtained for all the compounds at 600-700℃. In the case of nitrogen as the carrier gas, some intermediate compounds were found in the exhaust. However, all of them were the compounds excluding the chlorine. It suggests that the chlorine in the compounds was removed effectively even if the compounds were not completely decomposed to H_2O and CO_2. It is very good finding based on the viewpoint to make the harmful compounds harmless. Totally, it is considered that this method is very effective to decompose the harmful organic compounds containing halogen.

由于含卤素的有机化合物如多氯联苯等具有很强的危害性、环境污染性和难降解性，因此对其进行处理显得尤为重要。本研究的目的是完全分解化合物。这个过程中最困难的工作是将卤素转化为无害的形式。因此，我们选择了具有碱性的熔盐作为反应介质。该方法具有常压、温度适中、卤素吸收能力强等优点，所用熔盐为强碱性KOH-K_2CO_3或NaOH-Na_2CO_3混合熔盐。将样品化合物作为液体与模拟空气、氧气或氮气的载气一起注入熔融盐中。通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC/MS）分析废气。在400-700℃温度范围内，对四氯化碳、一氯苯、邻二氯苯、1，2，3-三氯苯和4，4 '-二氯联苯进行了测定。由于1，2，3-三氯苯和4，4 '-二氯联苯在室温下为固体，将其溶解于有机溶剂中，在600-700℃的温度范围内，其分解率均大于99.998%。在氮气作为载气的情况下，在排气中发现了一些中间化合物。然而，它们都是不含氯的化合物。结果表明，即使化合物未完全分解为H_2O和CO_2，也能有效地去除其中的氯。基于使有害化合物无害化的观点，这是一个很好的发现。认为该方法对含卤素的有害有机物的分解是非常有效的。