Investigative Study regarding Transformations in Uighur Communities and Ethnic Identities in Central Asia

这个项目的目的是研究维吾尔社会、文化和民族认同的问题，包括中国新疆维吾尔自治区和前苏联中亚共和国。维吾尔族是新疆绿洲地区以农业或城市生活的定居民族。他们是中华人民共和国新疆的主要民族，占新疆人口的大多数。维吾尔族在前苏联各加盟共和国的人口中也占相当大的一部分，其中哈萨克斯坦的维吾尔族人口超过20万。这是大规模从中国移民到俄罗斯和苏联领土的结果，主要是由于自19世纪以来存在的各种政治条件。虽然维吾尔族在数量上与中亚其他主要民族相当，但在中国和中亚国家，他们仍然是社会和政治上的少数民族。没有自己的政治实体是维吾尔族特有的生存状态。虽然他们在语言、文化、宗教等方面具有一定程度的统一性，但他们所居住的地区分散在广阔的地理空间中，被划分成不同历史背景的地区。另一方面，虽然维吾尔人的民族意识和民族名称是在20世纪才发展起来的，但维吾尔人具有共同的民族意识，这似乎是其民族向心力倾向的基础。然而，这种意识的基础可能是一系列变量的表现，这些变量是区域、社会和种族性质的。我们特别研究了民族主义运动中领导人和知识分子表达的民族意识和政治化与维吾尔人在当地社会基层的民族情感和意识之间的关系。特别值得注意的是，维吾尔族的民族意识与各国的国家政策、社会文化环境以及各地区特定的历史背景有着密切的联系。少

The purpose of this project is to examine issues concerning Uyghur society, culture and ethnic identity over a region including the PRC Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and Former Soviet Union (FSU) Central Asian republics.The Uyghurs are a settled people leading agricultural or urban lives in the oases of Xinjiang. They are the primary ethnic group in PRC Xinjiang and form the majority of its population. The Uyghurs also make up a considerable portion of the populations of the FSU republics, including over 200,000 in Kazakhstan. This is a result of large-scale migrations from China to Russian and Soviet Union territories, mainly due to various political conditions existing since the 19th century.While the Uyghurs are equivalent in number to the other main Central Asian ethnic groups, they still constitute social and political minorities in China and the Central Asian countries. Having no political entity of their own is a condition unique to Uyghur existence. While possessing a degre … More e of unity in such aspects as language, culture, and religion, the areas they populate are scattered over a vast geographical space, divided into regions with different historical backgrounds. On the other hand, while their consciousness as one people and their ethnonym developed only during the 20th century, the Uyghurs possess a common ethnic awareness, which seems to be the basis of their ethnic centripetal tendencies.However, underlying this awareness can be the manifestation of a set of variables, which are regional, social, as well as ethnic in nature. In particular, we investigate the relationship between the ethnic awareness expressed and politicized by leaders and intellectuals in nationalist movements and the ethnic feelings and awareness of Uyghurs at the grassroots level of local society. Of particular note is that Uyghur ethnic awareness interlocks closely with national policies and social and cultural circumstances in each country, as well as with each region's particular historical background. Less