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Improvement of acid-soil stress factors considering of the secondary mineral composition.

考虑次生矿物成分的酸性土壤胁迫因子的改善

基本信息

批准号：
02660061
负责人：
WAGATSUMA Tadao
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Yamagata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02660061/
关键词：
Acid Soil Stress Gypsum Effect Phytotoxic Al Sugar Beet Growth Permanent Charge Variable Charge ZPC Lime Effect 炭カル施用効果酸性ストレス Al集積性植物三二酸化物アロフェン炭カル石膏

项目摘要

(1)The acid mineral soils studied were classified four groups : (A)Volcanic ash soils(Chookai, Gassan) ; rich in allophane, gibbsite and Fe-and Al-oxides, high pHo(ca. 5), low ex. Al, steeply increase of CEC above pH 5 and high AEC at low pH but negligible AEC at neutral. (B)1 : 1 type clay mineral acid soils(Matsune, Kinpou) ; rich. in metahalloysite, intermediate pHo(4.3)and moderately high AEC at low pH. (C)2 : 1 type-clay mineral acid soils(Byakko, bewa) ; predominantly of smectite, low pH6(3.8)and extremely high ex. Al, negligible AEC but the highest CEC(30 cmol). (D)Acid sulfate soils(Numanokura, Betto) ; predominantly of smectite, contained high Ca・Mg・ K and SO^2-_ relatively low pHo(4.1), similar tendency of CEC and AEC to the group(C)soils but lower CEC(20 - 25 cmol).(2)Lime application could 'not increase available P(Truog P)in all acid soils but Matsune.(3)To increase plant growth by the application of gypsum, . : applied soils should be rich in allophane, gibbsite, Fe- and Al- oxides, high ZPC, and large AEC at low pH. In such soils, though containing vermiculite, kaolinite and illite, so^2-_ in applied gypsum increased pH(H_2O), decreased H_2O soluble and ex. Al, and increased H_2O soluble and ex. Ca. On the contrary, in the group(C)soils a heavy application of gypsum decreased pH(H_2O), and considerably increased H_2O soluble Al ; although ex. Al did not change and H_2O soluble and ex. Ca increased, Al toxicity was developed and K deficiency was induced and finally decreased in plant growth.(4)The best estimation method of phytotoxic Al in a range of acid soils was the extraction with 0.2M NH_4Cl ; bioassay method, i. e., Al content in the top of sugar beet, was recommended in the case of acid soils including organic soils.

（1）研究的酸性矿质土可分为四类：（A）火山灰土（Chookai，Gassan），富含水铝英石、三水铝石和铁铝氧化物，pH值高（约1.5），土壤pH值低（约1.5）。5），低ex.铝，CEC急剧增加pH 5以上和高AEC在低pH值，但可以忽略不计AEC在中性。(B)1：1型粘土矿物酸性土壤（松根、金浦）;丰富。在偏埃洛石中，低pH（C）2：1型粘土矿物酸性土壤（Byakko，bewa）中，pH值为中等（4.3），AEC值中等偏高; Al，AEC可忽略，但CEC最高（30 cmol）。（D）酸性硫酸盐土（沼之仓、别户），主要为蒙皂石，含高Ca·Mg· K和SO^2-_，pH值较低（4.1），CEC和AEC的变化趋势与（C）类土壤相似，但CEC较低（20 ~ 25 cmol）。（2）除松原外，石灰不能增加所有酸性土壤的有效磷（Truog P）。(3)To通过施用石膏来促进植物生长，施用石膏的土壤应富含水铝英石、三水铝石、铁铝氧化物、高ZPC、低pH时AEC大。Al，提高了H_2O可溶性和可溶性.约而在（C）组土壤中，大量施用石膏使pH（H_2O）降低，水溶性铝显著增加。Al不发生变化，H_2O可溶性和ex.在植物生长过程中，Ca含量增加，Al毒害加剧，K含量减少，最终减少。（4）在酸性土壤中，用0.2MNH_4Cl浸提法测定植物毒性铝的效果最好，生物测定法测定植物毒性铝的效果最好。例如，在包括有机质在内的酸性土壤中，推荐甜菜顶部含铝量。