Development of a four dimensional micro-PIV system for a non-linear fluid flow

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A novel four dimensional micro particle image velocimetry(PIV) method was developed using a defocusing effect. A particle image defocuses dependent on the depth-wise distance from a focal plane in a microscope system. The developed system could measure the depth-wise component of velocity from a temporal variation of the level of defocus. In this research, we also clarified a non-linear fluid flow at different horizontal planes simultaneously in a micro-mixer by tracking particle images with different defocuses. Moreover, a feasibility study of a novel combined four dimensional measurement technique of velocity and a scalar value was performed.