Model-based Explainable Coordination of Complex Reconfigurations

复杂重构的基于模型的可解释协调

• 批准号: 453895475
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Steffen Becker
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Softwaretechnik und Programmiersprachen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/453895475?language=en
• 关键词: Model; based; Explainable; Coordination; Complex

Today, software engineers develop systems, which are able to make decisions about themselves at runtime. Such changes could for example be provisioning and deprovisioning nodes in elastic cloud systems to satisfy service level objectives or changing flight trajectories by individual drones as part of a drone swarm to achieve certain swarm objectives. Those systems have goals as well as a set of possible actions. They continuously aim at realizing the given goals by performing the actions as needed. This project proposal specifically considers architectural reconfigurations as actions, i.e., actions where the system structure changes by means of adding or removing software and hardware components or changing their parameters.Unfortunately, it is still difficult to verify at design time whether systems will use their reconfigurations appropriately at run time. There exist already approaches to analyze single reconfigurations. However, in practice usually multiple reconfigurations are independently developed and applied. This results in, potentially negative, influences and unwanted behavior of the complete system. Such effects of interactions between reconfigurations cannot be properly modelled nor analyzed at run-time at the moment. This also results in a lack of adequate comprehensibility of the system’s behavior since the applications of and the interactions between reconfigurations are autonomous decisions of the system and the reasons are not transparent.Hence, the main research question of the project proposal is:"How to support software engineers in developing validated and explainable systems which apply complex and coordinated reconfigurations?"MENTOR will close this gap. We will develop a modeling approach and analysis method for explainable, complex, coordinated, reactive and proactive, reconfigurations. This includes extensions of previous work with respect to modeling uncertainty, expected effects of reconfigurations as well as automated planning of coordinated reconfigurations. Furthermore, we will improve the efficiency of our tool which forecasts the behavior of reconfigurable systems. Finally, we specifically focus on providing explanations of the reconfiguration behavior. This includes explanations on why reconfigurations are executed – and why not, reasons for decisions during the coordination of reconfiguration as well as reasons for emergent, uncoordinated reconfigurations. We consider in the project two complementary domains and corresponding demonstrators: elastic cloud systems and mechatronic systems of systems. Focusing on these two domains enables us to distinguish generalizable aspects from domain specific results.

今天，软件工程师开发的系统能够在运行时做出关于自己的决定。 这样的改变可以例如是弹性云系统中的供应和解除供应节点以满足服务水平目标，或者改变作为无人机群的一部分的个体无人机的飞行轨迹以实现某些机群目标。这些系统既有目标，也有一系列可能的行动。他们不断致力于通过执行所需的行动来实现既定目标。本项目建议书特别考虑将架构重新配置作为行动，即，通过添加或删除软件和硬件组件或改变其参数来改变系统结构的操作。不幸的是，在设计时仍然很难验证系统在运行时是否会适当地使用它们的重新配置。已经存在分析单重配置的方法。然而，在实践中，通常多个重新配置独立开发和应用。这导致整个系统的潜在负面影响和不必要的行为。这种影响之间的相互作用的重新配置不能正确建模，也不能在运行时的时刻进行分析。这也导致系统行为缺乏足够的可理解性，因为重新配置的应用和重新配置之间的交互是系统的自主决策，原因并不透明。因此，项目提案的主要研究问题是：“如何支持软件工程师开发经过验证且可解释的系统，应用复杂且协调的重新配置？“曼托将缩小这一差距。我们将开发一种建模方法和分析方法，用于可解释的，复杂的，协调的，反应性和主动性的重新配置。这包括扩展以前的工作建模不确定性，预期的影响，重新配置以及自动规划协调重新配置。此外，我们将提高我们的工具，预测可重构系统的行为的效率。最后，我们特别侧重于提供重新配置行为的解释。这包括解释为什么执行重新配置-为什么不执行，重新配置协调过程中的决策原因以及紧急、不协调的重新配置的原因。我们认为在该项目中的两个互补的领域和相应的示威者：弹性云系统和机电一体化系统的系统。关注这两个领域使我们能够区分可推广的方面和领域特定的结果。