FORMATION OF THE HIMALAYAS AND GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-COOPERATIVE RESEARCH FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF THE RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE HIMALAYAS-

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Focuses and results of this research project are summarized as follows ;1. Time and space distribution of freshwater mollusca with reference to the environmental change caused by the Himalayan upliftThe faunal change of freshwater mollusca during the late Neogene and Quaternary in the Himalayan area was illuminated. As for the remarkable faunal change at 5Ma characterized by the introduction of many species of palaearctic elements to the southern area of the Himalayas, it is the most probable that the migration of water birds became active by the formation of intense monsoon system caused by the Himalayan uplift.2. Geological events in the Siwalik Group concerned with the Himalayan upliftThe method for estimation of the palaeoflow velocity during the sedimentation of the Siwalik Group was established. Based on the method, the palaeoflow velocity of each horizon was shown definitely.3. Water environment in Pokhara BasinThe water quality and the nutrient input in Phewa Lake was investigated. Because of the geological condition, the most of river water sink into the underground before reaching the lake, and it controls the water quality of the lake.4. Geological disaster in the Siwalik hillsThe detail investigation about the landslide along the Chor Khola was carried out. An interesting toppled structure with sliding indicates that steeply dipping strata along the major tectonic line, contrasting rigidity between sandstone and mudstone, and rapid dissection by a river were the major causes of the toppling.