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Conservation and Propagation of Scarcity Valuable Plant Species Having Useful Biological Activity

具有有用生物活性的稀缺珍贵植物物种的保护和繁殖

基本信息

批准号：
10557237
负责人：
YOSHIKAWA Takafumi
金额：
$ 4.16万
依托单位：
Kitasato University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1998 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have already succeeded in propagation of the clone of Ephedra plant in many Himalayas medicinal plants. Since Ephedra plant is an important medicinal plant which is very often used as an oriental medicine, called "kanpo medicine", its propagation and cultivation were strongly expected. Now, many clone plants obtained by the plant tissue culture method are cultivated and actively grow in our medicinal plant garden. The cultivated Ephedra plant contained the same components as those of the original plant of the crude drug which is used as kanpo medicine. The excellent clone plant is expected to be used as substitute for the Chinese Ephedra plant, which in future the import from China is concerned to be stopped by the Government.In 1999 to 2000, we carried out the similar experiment to it of Ephedra using the Panax and Bupleurum plants, which both are used as the original plant of kanpo medicine. Many Panax and Bupleurum plants were collected from various areaa of Nepal, and studied of the morphological, genetical and chemical characteristics. As the result, it was evidently shown that Himalayan Panax plant contained very similar saponin components to Korean ginseng. Now the Panax plants are cultured in vitro using plant biotechnology. On the other hand, 16 species of Bupleurum plants collected from various areas of Nepal showed to be rich in variety of the saponin component and/or content. It was investigated that its differences were derived from the genetical character or the habitat. As the results, it was suggested that the variety of the saponin component corresponded with the genetical variation and the saponin content with the habitat.

我们已经成功地在喜马拉雅山的许多药用植物中繁殖了麻黄属植物的克隆。麻黄是一种重要的药用植物，常被用作东方药材，被称为“坎坡药”，其繁殖和栽培一直备受关注。现在，许多通过植物组织培养方法获得的克隆植物在我们的药用植物园中被栽培和活跃地生长。栽培麻黄中含有与坎坡药原植物相同的成分。1999年至2000年，我们以坎坡药的原植物人参和柴胡为材料，进行了与麻黄相似的实验，并对麻黄的优良无性系植物进行了筛选。从尼泊尔不同地区采集了大量的人参和柴胡属植物，对其形态、遗传和化学特性进行了研究。结果表明，喜马拉雅人参中含有与高丽参非常相似的皂苷成分。目前，人参属植物的离体培养是利用植物生物技术进行的。另一方面，从尼泊尔不同地区采集的16种柴胡属植物显示出丰富的皂苷组分和/或含量。研究表明，其差异主要来自于遗传性状或生境。结果表明，皂甙组分的变化与遗传变异相一致，皂甙含量与生境有关。