RESEARCH WORK FOR COPPER OBJECTS IN THE CHINESE SPRING AND AUTOMN AND WARRING STATES PERIODS

用科学的方法研究青铜器的来源，对于了解历史青铜文化的发展，在考古科学中变得更加重要。为此，对许多青铜样品进行了化学成分和铅同位素比值的测量。从东亚文化发展的角度，选取了中国春秋战国时期的青铜器作为作品的选材。标本来自东京国立博物馆、日本马匹博物馆、新疆考古研究所等。这件作品包括生活在中国北部的古代民族的青铜器，即所谓的鄂尔多斯等。夏家店的一些样本也包括在内。主要研究内容如下：1)夏家店不同树种的化学成分差异较大。然而，铅同位素比值相当集中在一个值上，表明有一个来源或相关的青铜来源。2)不同物种的化学成分有几个特征。例如，刀具和一些刀片的锡含量较高，铅含量较低，器皿使用高铅青铜，砷和铁的浓度较低，但浓度的变化似乎不仅与铜矿的来源有关，而且与铜的冶炼技术水平有关。3)新疆地区大锅形态差异较大，形体化学成分多样。

The provenance study of bronze objects using scientific method became more important in archaeological science for the understanding of historical bronze culture development. Chemical composition and lead isotope ratio measurements were applied for this purpose to many of bronze samples. Bronze objects of Chinese Spring and Autumn, and Warring State periods were selected for this work from the viewpoint of East Asian cultural development. Samples were accumulated from Tokyo National Museum, Equine Museum of Japan, Xinjiang Archaeological Institute and others for this work. Bronze objects of the ancient peoples who lived in the northern part of China, so called Ordos and others were included in this work. Some of Xiajiadian samples were also included. Several topics obtained in this work were summarized as follows : 1) Xiajiadian samples showed varieties in chemical composition for different species. However, lead isotope ratios were rather concentrated in one value suggesting one source or the related bronze source. 2) The chemical composition suggests several features for different species. For instance, Knives and some blades contain rather high tin and low lead, high leaded bronze was used for vessels, and arsenic and iron concentrations are rather low but the changes in concentrations seemed to be related not only to the source of copper mines but also the level of smelting technique of copper. 3) Cauldrons in Xinjiang showed a large difference in shape and figures were found to be a variety of chemical compositions.