Study on Mechanism and Prevention of Thermal Discomfort Caused by Cold Outdoor Air through Supply Opening on the Wall (In the Case of Residence with various kind of Heating System)

室外冷空气通过墙上送风口引起热不适的机理及预防研究（以多种采暖方式住宅为例）

• 批准号: 11450213
• 负责人: YOSHINO Hiroshi
• 金额: $ 9.66万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11450213/
• 关键词: Cold draft; Supply opening; Questionnaire Survey; Field measurement; Experimental study; Numerical simulation; Temperature distribution; Thermal Discomfort

The research had been carried out since 1999 until 2000. The results obtained are as follows :(1) Questionnaire surveys The questionnaire survey of 86 residential buildings in the Kanto, Tohoku and Hokkaido district was carried out. More than half of residential buildings in the Tohoku and Hokkaido district have a problem of cold draft due to outdoor air, and then about 30% of them the occupant sometimes close their air inlets.(2) Field measurement in residential buildings In three residential buildings what installed mechanical exhaust system, measurement of air tightness, air exchange rate, air distribution and temperature distribution near inlet were carried out. Cold air infiltration was found in two residences.(3) Investigation on the air inlet Various inlets used inside and outside Japan were investigated and classified. Performance test of nine inlets were examined by using standard type small size wind tunnel. Information of inlet mechanism was documented.(4) Real scale experim … More ent using environmental chamber A real scale experiment in environmental chamber was carried out. The results are as follows, (1) The standardized vertical temperature difference is affected by the airflow directions from the supply opening. The highest value is observed for horizontal flow with maximum vertical temperature difference. The value increases in the flow directions of "vertical upward with an angle", "radial outward parallel to wall", "radial outward with an angle from wall", "horizontal outward from wall", sequently. (2) The standardized vertical temperature difference was examined in terms of various opening positions. The value of the difference decrease in the case of inlet installed above the window, in the upper, in the middle, in the lower of the wall sequently. (3) The influence of supply air velocity on vertical temperature difference was not significant.(5) Numerical analysis A full size room was adopted as the numerical model geometry. The standard k-ε model was used for the numerical simulation. Numerical result was compared with experiment, and accuracy was discussed. Furthermore, from the view points of air exchange efficiency and thermal comfort, air flow direction was also discussed. Less

这项研究从1999年开始一直进行到2000年。调查结果如下：(1)问卷调查对关东、东北、北海道地区的86栋居民楼进行问卷调查。东北和北海道地区一半以上的住宅建筑由于室外空气而存在冷气流问题，其中约30%的居住者有时会关闭进气口。(2)对安装机械排风系统的3栋住宅进行了气密性、换气量、进风口气流组织和温度分布的测量。在两处住宅中发现了冷空气渗透。(3)进气口调查对日本国内外使用的各种进气口进行了调查和分类。采用标准型小尺寸风洞对9个进气道进行了性能试验。记录了进气机构的相关信息。(4)实尺试验采用环境试验箱进行了环境试验箱的实尺试验。结果表明：(1)标准化垂直温差受来自送风口气流方向的影响。在垂直温差最大的水平流动中，观察到的值最高。在“垂直向上有一个角度”、“径向向外与壁面平行”、“径向向外与壁面成一个角度”、“水平向外与壁面成一个角度”的流动方向上，数值依次增大。(2)对不同开孔位置的标准化垂直温差进行了检测。进气道安装在窗上方、墙上方、墙中部、墙下方时，其差值依次减小。(3)送风速度对垂直温差的影响不显著。(5)数值分析采用全尺寸房间作为数值模型几何。采用标准k-ε模型进行数值模拟。数值结果与实验结果进行了比较，并对精度进行了讨论。此外，从换风效率和热舒适的角度，对空气流动方向进行了讨论。少

项目成果

Zhen-hai Li, Hiroshi Yoshino, Yasuo Utsumi, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Yukio Sakaba, Kenkou Mushya and Nobuyuki Iwai: "A Studies about thermal Discomfort due to Outdoor Cold Air Coming Through the Air Outlet Installed on the Outside Wall, Part 1. Outline of Labor

Chen-hai Li、Hiroshi Yoshino、Yasuo Utsumi、Hiroshi Kobayashi、Yukio Sakaba、Kenkou Mushya 和 Nobuyuki Iwai：“关于室外冷空气通过安装在外墙上的出风口的热不适的研究，第 1 部分。概述

Zhen-hai Li and Hiroshi Yoshino: "Questionnaire Survey Related with the Influence of the Air Outlet on the Thermal Environment in Single Family House"TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY OF HEATING, AIR-CONDITIONING AND SANITARY ENGINEERS OF JAPAN. Vol.77. 109-115

李振海、吉野浩：《单户住宅排风口对热环境影响的问卷调查》日本供暖空调卫生工程学会会刊。

李振海,吉野博: "戸建て住宅の換気システム並びに外壁給気口の熱環境に及ぼす影響に関するアンケート調査"空気調和・衛生工学会論文集. 77. 109-115 (2000)

李振海，吉野浩：“通风系统和外墙送风口对独栋住宅热环境影响的问卷调查”，空调与卫生工程师学会学报，77. 109-115（2000）。

李振海,吉野博,内海康雄(外4名): "外壁給気口からの冷気侵入による温熱不快感の形成機構の解明とその防除に関する研究その1実験室の概要と室内温度分布の測定"日本建築学会東北支部研究報告集計画系. 63. 245-248 (2000)

李振海、吉野浩、内海康夫（其他4人）：《外墙送风口冷空气侵入热不适形成机制的阐明及其预防研究》第1部分实验室概况及室内测量温度分布” 日本建筑学会东北分会研究报告收集规划系统. 63. 245-248 (2000)

李振海,吉野博,内海康雄(外4名): "外壁給気口からの外気導入による室内温度分布の形成に関する実験的研究"日本建築学会大会学術講演梗概集. 2000・D-II. 109-110 (2000)

李振海、吉野浩、内海康夫（其他4人）：《通过外墙送风口引入室外空气形成室内温度分布的实验研究》日本建筑学会2000年年会论文集·D-II。 109-110（2000）