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Development of Combustor with CO_2 Capturing by Alternately Changing Fuel and Air Streams

交替改变燃料和空气流捕集CO_2燃烧室的研制

基本信息

批准号：
11450298
负责人：
ISHIDA Masaru
金额：
$ 8.64万
依托单位：
TOKY0 INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11450298/
关键词：
Carbon Dioxide Recovery High-efficient Power Generation Chemical-looping Combustion Reactor with Changing Gases between Fuel Gas and Air

项目摘要

The chemical-looping combustion can be realized even in a fixed-bed reactor when we change the input gases between fuel and air at specified intervals. By this scheme, reduction and oxidation take place alternatively, and the produced high-temperature gas can be used to generate electricity by a single gas turbine. Since the solid particles are stationary in a fixed-bed reactor, the attrition, i.e., break of particles does not take place. Furthermore, the retrieval of CO_2 gas in high concentration can be achieved easily with no additional external energy by use of the proposed chemical-looping combustion scheme.First, by thermal gradient analysis (TGA), we measured the rates of oxidation by air and of reduction with several kinds of fuel (H2, CH4, simulated gas for coal gasification), and found that Ni and Co are desirable for the component of metallic oxide, and the addition of inert component such as Al_2O_3 and YSZ at 60wt% is effective to get satisfactory reaction rates. The natural gas and coal gasification gas are examined as fuel. These fuels cause carbon deposition on the surface of solid particles. However, we prevented it by adding water vapor into fuel. We found that coal gasification gas is suitable fuel for the proposed system, since for the natural gas, heat source for the steam reforming cannot be supplied in this system.Test results showed that for coal gasification gas, we can choose the period for the reduction 3.3 times longer than that for natural gas. This result is also favorable for operation. Furthermore, we examined various operations for the coal gasification gas. The selection of the periods of alternative reactions are the key factors to maintain the temperature of the exit gas at a desired point. The feasible condition is obtained when the length of the combustor is 5m, velocity of gas is 1 m/s, the reduction time is 80s and the oxidation time is 270s.

即使在固定床反应器中，只要在一定的时间间隔内改变燃料和空气的输入气体，也可以实现化学链燃烧。通过该方案，还原和氧化交替发生，并且产生的高温气体可以通过单个气体涡轮机用于发电。由于固体颗粒在固定床反应器中是静止的，因此，不会发生颗粒破碎。首先，采用热梯度分析（TGA）方法，测定了空气氧化和几种燃料还原的速率（H2，CH 4，煤气化模拟气体），发现Ni和Co是理想的金属氧化物组分，惰性组分Al_2O_3和YSZ的加入量为60wt%时，反应速率最高。研究了天然气和煤气化煤气作为燃料。这些燃料会导致固体颗粒表面的碳沉积。然而，我们通过向燃料中添加水蒸气来防止它。实验结果表明，由于天然气不能提供蒸汽转化的热源，煤气化气是该系统的适宜燃料，可选择比天然气长3.3倍的还原周期。这一结果也有利于操作。此外，我们研究了煤气化气体的各种操作。交替反应周期的选择是将出口气体温度保持在期望点的关键因素。实验结果表明，当燃烧室长度为5 m，气流速度为1 m/s，还原时间为80 s，氧化时间为270 s时，该反应器的反应性能较好。