Hemodynamics of chronic venous hypertension in rat

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We evaluated changes of regional cerebral venous flow (rCBF) and cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in chronic venous hypertension model in rat. Venous hypertension was induced by an end-to-end anastomosis between the right carotid artery and the right external jugular vein.Local CBF (1CBF) and 1CBV at 25 locations were assessed by a modern laser Doppler "scanning" technique at 4 times ; before and after the anastomosis, 2 weeks after, and after the clip of the fistula. The animals were classified two groups ; sham-operated group (n = 6) (the carotid artery occlusion only) and bypass group (n = 10). In the sham group and the left hemisphere of the bypass group, both of rCBF and rCBV didn't change. However, in the right hemisphere rCBV significantly increased 2 weeks after the bypass but recovered after clipping of the fistula (p < 0.05), and rCBF significantly decreased 2 weeks after the bypass but recovered after clipping of the fistula (P < 0.05).In conclusion, the rat model of carotid-jugular arteriovenous fistula is clinically relevant and useful for studing the pathophysiology of chronic venous hypertension. Venous ischemia is a reversible condition which can be improved by appropriate early-stage treatment.