Distribution and transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Eurasia and control of Lyme borreliosis.

为了解俄罗斯和土耳其伯氏疏螺旋体和嗜吞噬细胞无形体的现状，进行了现场调查。在土耳其欧洲一侧的Trakya采集的299只蓖麻硬蜱中，有12只感染了疏螺旋体属。我们的研究结果提供了在土耳其存在莱姆病疏螺旋体的第一个证据。这些被鉴定为严格意义上的B.burgdorferi、B.garinii（欧亚型）、B.afzelii、B.lusitaniae和B. valaisiana。在土耳其北方黑海沿岸的亚洲部分进行的一次探险中，捕获了65只野生小型哺乳动物。两个猩猩。结果表明，在莫斯科地区，疏螺旋体与媒介蜱类全沟硬蜱和蓖麻硬蜱的亲缘关系较密切，而在莫斯科地区，疏螺旋体与媒介蜱类全沟硬蜱和蓖麻硬蜱的亲缘关系较密切。我们检测了莫斯科周围250平方公里范围内收集的630只未进食的蓖麻硬蜱和全沟硬蜱。83只蜱培养阳性（13.2%）。大多数分离物鉴定为B.garinii欧亚型和B. afzelii。其中2个分离物分别鉴定为狭义伯氏B.burgdorferi stricto和瓦氏B.valaisiana，未发现B.garinii亚洲型;而全沟硬蜱分离物鉴定为B.garinii和B. afzelii的欧亚型和亚洲型。在全沟硬蜱分离株中未发现狭义伯氏B螺旋体分离株。我们从土耳其伊斯坦布尔地区采集的硬蜱埃及璃眼蜱中发现了一种新的、快速生长的类似疏螺旋体的螺旋体。在BSK Ⅱ培养基中的最适生长温度为34 ~ 37℃，在34℃和37℃下的倍增时间分别为5.3和5.1h。根据各种遗传分析的结果，我们提出了一个新种Borrelia turcica。

To investigate the current status of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Russia and Turkey, the field surveys were made. Twelve of 299 Ixodes ricinus collected in Trakya, European side of Turkey were infected with Borrelia spp. Our results provide the first evidence for the existence of Lyme borreliosis agent in Turkey. These are identified as B.burgdorferi sensu stricto, B.garinii (Eurasian-type), B.afzelii, B.lusitaniae and B.valaisiana. From an expedition in the Asian part of the Black Sea coast of Northern Turkey, 65 wild small mammals were captured. Two of Apodemus. sylvaticus were seropositive for B.afzelii by ELISA, whereas all sera were negative for A.phagocytophilum by IFA.The relationship between Borrelia species and the vector ticks, Ixodes persulcatus and Ixodes ricinus were examined in the Moscow region which is a the sympatric region for both species of tick. We examined 630 unfed I.ricinus and I.persulcatus, ticks collected around Moscow within an area of 250 km^2. Eighty-three ticks were culture positive (13.2%). Most isolates from I.ricinus were identified as B.garinii Eurasian-type and B.afzelii. Two isolates were identified as B.burgdorferi sensu stricto and B.valaisiana respectively, but no B.garinii Asian-type was not found. In contrast, isolates from I.persulcatus were identified as both Eurasian-type and Asian-type of B.garinii and B.afzelii. No B.burgdorferi sensu stricto isolate was found among isolates from I.persulcatus. This suggests that there is be a relationship between tick and Borrelia species.We discover a novel, fast growing Borrelia-like spirochete from the hard tick, Hyalomma aegyptium, sampled in the Istanbul area of Turkey. The optimal growth temperature in BSK II medium was 34 to 37℃, and doubling times at 34℃ and 37℃ were 5.3 and 5.1 h, respectively. Based on results of various genetic analyses, we propose a new species Borrelia turcica.