A Study of History of Ideas concerning the Antagonism between a Transcendental View and a Naturalistic View in Cognition

我们的计划的目的在于研究关于认识上的先验观和自然主义观之间的对立的思想史。在本研究中涉及的哲学家有B·斯宾诺莎、I·康德、E·胡塞尔、W·詹姆斯和G·德勒兹。I·铃木研究了斯宾诺莎的原因概念中的先验时刻，其哲学通常被描述为自然主义。山本康德认为，康德的先验演绎是以预先设定的和谐为前提的，尽管康德在他的演绎中有意拒绝这一前提。为了避免这种矛盾，根据山本的观点，康德必须接受范畴的自然主义还原或先验演绎的语义转向。在胡塞尔的论述中，马塔达反对最近的意图归化的趋势。根据D.W.Smith的说法，松田试图区分意图和因果依赖。卡萨西考察了近年来詹姆斯和胡塞尔之间的一些比较研究的结果，并试图通过揭示贾梅作为没有先验主体性的现象学的激进经验主义与胡塞尔的现象学的异同来寻求非先验哲学的可能性。铃木论述了德勒兹哲学中的先验经验主义。S.Kita提出了一种基于矩阵模式的数学结构来比较人类回忆和识别记忆的新方法，他指出，单凭线索的不同就可以带来比回忆更好的识别性能。

The aim of our plan consists in a study of history of ideas concerning the antagonism between a transcendental view and a naturalistic view in cognition. Philosophers, who are treated in this study, are B.Spinoza, I.Kant, E.Husserll, W.James and G.Deleuze.I.Suzuki investigated the transcendental moment in Spinoza's notion of cause, whose philosophy is usually characterized as naturalistic. M.Yamamoto argued that Kant's transcendental deduction presupposed the preestablished harmony, although Kant aimed to refuse it in his deduction. To avoid this contradiction, according to Yamamoto, Kant must accept the naturalistic reduction of categories or the semantic turn of transcendental deduction. On Husserll discussed T.Matauda against a recent tendency of naturalizing of intention. According D.W.Smith Matsuda attempted to discriminate intention from causal dependency. N.Kazasi surveyed the results of some recent comparative studies between James and Husserll, and attempted to seek a possibility of non-transcendental philosophy by bringing into light the similarities and difference between Jame's radical empiricism as phenomenology without transcendental subjectivity and Husserll's phenomenology. I.Suzuki dealt with the transcendental empiricism in G.Deleuze's philosophy. S.Kita presented a novel method based on mathematical structures of matrix patterans to compare the human memory for recall and recognition, He indicated that difference in cue alone can bring about superiority in performance on recognition compared to recall.