Study on improvements of cloud microphysics modeling and control of artificial cloud generation in the huge vertical shaft

进行了矿井云微物理的实尺度实验。本研究旨在揭示云和降水发生发展过程的云微物理机制。在实验中，在竖井顶部放置了一个能产生上升气流的大型风扇，通过控制上升气流来人工造云。此外，在竖井底部喷洒了多种溶液。这使得控制流入竖井的气溶胶的化学成分、溶液浓度和数密度成为可能。实验结果表明，在水汽向云粒子相变过程中，气象要素随高度的变化以及空气条件的变化。并将这些试验数据与本课题组新开发的考虑气溶胶影响的降雨模拟模式的模拟结果进行了比较，得出了以下研究结论：1 ...更多信息 控制竖井入风流（气溶胶数密度、上升风速）的实验：（1）测定了竖井入风流气溶胶数密度的垂直分布。观测到云底高度附近数密度增加。此外，还观察到了云粒子在竖井中上升时的凝结增长过程。(2)In在竖井底部喷淋时，竖井顶部小粒径颗粒数量增加，大粒径颗粒数量减少。(3)As底部喷洒的气溶胶数密度增加，云水生成量也增加。当气溶胶数密度过大时，云水生成量趋于恒定。（4）上升气流速度越大，云水越多。云水量与上升气流速度呈线性关系。2.垂直井筒内的温度分布在云生成前后是不同的。云生成后，高于云底高度的温度直减率小于饱和绝热直减率。这一测量结果无法被现有的仿真模型所复制。另一方面，这种现象可以通过我们新开发的考虑气溶胶影响的模拟模型来复制。少

Actual scale experiment of cloud microphysics in mine was carried out. This study aims at revealing cloud microphysical mechanism of generation and development processes of cloud and rainfall. In this experiments, large size fan which generate updraft was placed on the top of vertical shaft and clouds are generated artifitially by controlled updraft. Moreover, several kinds of solution are sprayed at the bottom of vertical shaft. This make it possible to controll chemical composition, solution consistency and number density of aerosol flowing into the vertical shaft. Experiment result such as vatiation of meteorological elements with height and changes in air condition at phase change from vapor to cloud particle could have been obtained. Those experimental data have compared with simulation results by newly developing rainfall simulation model by our research group, which consider effects of aerosol in the air.Following results have been obtained by experiment during reserach period.1 … More .Experiment controlling inflow air (auch as aerosol number denisty, velocity of updraft) into vertical shaft :(1)Vertical dsitribution of aerosol number density were measured. Increase of number densityaround elevation of cloud base are observed. Additionally, condensational growthing process of cloud particle as those flow up in vertical shaft were observed. (2)In case of spraying solution at the bottom of vertical shaft, the number of particles with small diameter increase at the top of shaft, meanwhile the number of particles with large diameter decrease. (3)As aerosol number density spraied at the bottom increase, amount of generated cloud water also increase. However, if number denisty of aerosol is too much, amount of generated cloud water intends to converge to constant value. (4)Amount of cloud water increase as updraft velocity is high. Then relations between amount of cloud water and updraft velocity is linear.2.Temperature distribution in vertical shaft are different before and after generation of cloud. Temperature lapse rate at elevations higher than cloud base is smaller that saturated-adiabatic lapse rate after cloud generation. This measurement result could not be duplicated by existing simulation model. On the other hand, this phenomena could be duplicated by our newly developed simulation model considering effect of aerosol. Less