Speech and Brain Function in Subjects with Cleft Lip and Palate-

患有唇腭裂（CLP）的受试者通常具有有问题的发音，例如上唇和悬雍垂僵硬、先天性缺失和上颌牙齿脱位。这些因素可能使患有CLP的患者设法替换不同的关节位置和方式1101。通过限制口周结构的新策略来适应受损的发音环境，暗示了中枢神经网络的可塑性。从脑功能和外周运动的综合方法是必要的，以了解语言功能的CLP受试者。首先，用Lising功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究了CLP受试者的双唇音、齿槽音和软腭音发音的皮层表征。所有CLP受试者在发出/pa/、/ta/和/ka/音时，双侧初级感觉运动皮层（SI/MI）均存在激活灶。CLP同侧的Si/MI在单侧CLP患者中表现出更大的激活， ...更多信息 因为在双侧CLP受试者中，较早进行唇成形术的一侧的对侧SI/MI显示出更大的激活。结果表明，在辅音发音过程中，皮层辅音may的激活模式存在差异，这种差异与CLP侧有关。第二，通过MRI电影评估CLP受试者和正常成年男性志愿者在/pa/、/ta/和/ka/发音期间口咽结构的动态变化。与正常志愿者相比，在CLP受试者的发音过程中观察到不同的模式。在CLP患者中，舌的后上运动和咽后壁的前运动清晰可见。因此，MRI电影似乎是一个很有前途的工具，评估语言功能的主题与CLP，因为它的非侵入性和非辐射性质。我们目前正在研究与代偿性发音运动相关的代偿性脑功能。少

Subjects with cleft lip and palate (CLP) often have problematic articulators such as a stiff upper lip and uvula, congenital loss and dislocation of maxillary teeth. These factors may make the patient with CLP manage to substitute different place and manner of articulation 1101. Adaptation to impaired articulatory environment through novel strategies utilizing restricted perioral structures implicates a plasticity of central neural network. A comprehensive approach from brain function and peripheral movement is necessary to understand speech function in subjects with CLP. First, cortical representation of articulation of, bilabial, alveolar and velar consonants in subjects with CLP was studied by Lising functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Activation foci were found in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex (SI/MI) in all CLP subjects during articulation of /pa/, /ta/ and /ka/. The Si/MI ipsilateral to the CLP showed greater activation in patients with unilateral CLP, where … More as the SI/MI contralateral to the side, on which earlier cheiloplasty was performed, showed greater activation in the subject with bilateral CLP. The results suggest that there be a difference in the cortical consonant may activation pattern during consonant articulation, which is related to the side of CLP. Second, dynamic changes in oropharyngeal structures during the articulation of /pa/, /ta/ and /ka/ by a subject with CLP and a normal adult male volunteer were assessed by MRI movie. Different patterns were observed during articulation in the subject with CLP compared to the normal volunteer. Posterosuperior movement of the tongue and the anterior movement of the posterior pharyngeal wall were clearly visualized in the subject with CLP. Thus, MRI movie appears to be a promising tool for evaluating speech function in subjects with CLP because of its non-invasive and non-radiative nature. We are currently working on compensatory brain function that is associated with compensatory articulatory movement. Less