Effects of Changes in Oro-facial Structures and Occlusal Contacts upon Temporomandibular Joint Loading During Dynamic Occlusion : Comparison of Jaw Biomechanics between Pre- and Post Surgical-Orthodontic Treatment by Dynamic Modeling

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(1)Dynamic human jaw model with analogues for multiple tooth contact that can predict dynamic changes in temporomandibular joint(TMJ) loading has been developed.(2)The newly developed model simulated difference between the TMJ loadings when biting with anterior open bite, Angle Class II molar occlusion and loss of lower molars. The greatest TMJ loading were predicted in the models with loss of the lower molars.(3)Complex relationships were predicted between occlusal, articular and muscle forces. The dynamic relationships depended on visco-elastic properties in periodontium TMJ discs.(4)The model with analogues for visco-elasticity of dental implant at the unilateral side of the mandible predicted greater TMJ loading at the contra-lateral side of the implant.(5)The model with loss of upper/lower first premolars predicted 8.5% greater TMJ loading during biting as compared to those by the model for the occlusion with all the first premolars, suggesting that 30% voluntary reduction of the anterior tempolaris muscle enables the 8.5% reduction of the TMJ loading.(6)The initial response of periodontal ligament was to analytically describe by means of inverse kinematic modeling. The results demonstrate that the inverse kinematic model is capable of analytical documentation of tooth displacement that is independent of the force magnitude.