Effect of physical activity on systemic arterial compliance: a cross-sectional and a longitudinal study in older humans

本研究的目的是调查日常体力活动对老年人全身动脉顺应性的影响。本研究的研究成果如下。首先，SAC可能是心肺健康(呼吸阈值：VT)的决定因素，同时，耐力运动训练可以改善老年人的动脉顺应性和VT。其次，日常体力活动的增加可能会改善老年人动脉顺应性的年龄下降和与年龄相关的收缩压上升。然而，体力活动对SAC的影响是有限的，即SAC可能不会超过某一水平，无论体力活动增加与否。第三，有氧运动训练导致老年人血浆内皮素-1(一种有效的血管收缩多肽)水平下降，血浆一氧化氮(一种有效的血管扩张物质)水平上升(以亚硝酸盐/硝酸盐衡量)。大鼠主动脉内皮型一氧化氮合酶(ENOS)基因和蛋白表达随增龄而降低，有氧运动训练使其表达增强

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of daily physical activity on systemic arterial compliance (SAC) in older humans. The products of this study are as follows. First, SAC might be a determinant of cardiorespiratory fitness (ventilatory threshold : VT), and meanwhile, endurance exercise training could improve both arterial compliance and VT in older humans. Second, an increase in daily physical activity could improve the age-induced reduction of arterial compliance and the age-related rise of systolic blood pressure in older humans. However, there was a limitation in the effect of physical activity on SAC, i.e., SAC might not exceed a certain level regardless of an increase in physical activity. Third, aerobic exercise training caused a decrease in plasma endothelin-1 (a potent vasoconstrictor peptide) level and an increased in plasma nitric oxide (a potent vasodilator substance) level (measured as nitrite/nitrate) in older humans. The gene and protein expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in the aorta of rat was decreased by aging, and the expression was increased by aerobic exercise training