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Behavioral ecology of large animals in the dry zone in Sri Lanka : From molecular ecology to conservation.

斯里兰卡干旱地区大型动物的行为生态学：从分子生态学到保护。

基本信息

批准号：
15405009
负责人：
HASEGAWA Toshikazu
金额：
$ 7.94万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15405009/
关键词：
Sri Lanka Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus)Behavioral ecology Conservation Molecular ecology satellite trekking animal cognition アジア象

项目摘要

This research aims to investigate behavioral ecology of the Asian elephant and the Indian peafowl living in the dry-zone in South-East Sri Lanka. For the Asian elephant, we focused on the mechanism of human-elephant conflict (HEC). For the Indian peafowl, we aim to clarify their mating system in the natural populations. During the study periods, we conducted our field work 10 times in total : in 2003, T Hasegawa & Campos in August, Takatsuki in September, T & M Hasegawa from December to January ; in 2004, Takatsuki in March, Takatsuki and Campos from May to June, Campos from July to August, Ransirini in October, T Hasegawa, Saito, Suetsugu from October to November, T Hasegawa in December ; Campos from December to January. The main results are obtained about HEC research in which we allocate local field assistants in five villages where elephant frequently raid crop fields. Data were accumulated monthly about elephant ecology damage caused by the elephants, human responses and so on. We also attached a GPS transmitter for one big male elephant that were ranging in research area in April 2005. In spite of long preparation, we could receive data by unknown reasons. DNA analyses from fecal samples were also tried both in field and in zoos in Japan. Although we successfully found some haplotypes among Asian elephants, it is still difficult to collect individually-identified dung samples in the field. On peafowl research, it took some time to find suitable site to observe because peafowl are too shy to be observed. Finally, we could find good location where we can observe their natural behavior over the pond. Compared with Japanese population, males' courtship territories disperse more widely in the natural population in Sri Lanka. Rate of male vocalization is also measured and analized.

本研究旨在调查生活在斯里兰卡东南部干旱地区的亚洲象和印度孔雀的行为生态学。对于亚洲象，我们重点研究了人象冲突（HEC）的机制。对于印度孔雀，我们的目标是澄清它们在自然种群中的交配系统。在研究期间，我们共进行了10次实地考察：2003年8月，T Hasegawa & Campos， 9月，Takatsuki， 12月- 1月，T & M Hasegawa；2004年3月，高月，5 - 6月，高月和坎波斯，7 - 8月，坎波斯，10月，朗斯里尼，长谷川，斋藤，雪津，10 - 11月，长谷川，12月；从12月到次年1月。在大象频繁袭击农田的五个村庄，我们分配了当地的实地助理，获得了HEC研究的主要结果。每月收集大象造成的大象生态破坏、人类的反应等数据。2005年4月，我们还为研究区域的一头雄性大象安装了GPS发射器。尽管准备了很长时间，但我们还是不知为什么收到了数据。在日本，粪便样本的DNA分析也在野外和动物园进行了试验。虽然我们成功地在亚洲象中发现了一些单倍型，但在野外收集个体识别的粪便样本仍然很困难。在对孔雀的研究中，由于孔雀太害羞而无法被观察，所以需要花一些时间才能找到合适的观察地点。最后，我们可以在池塘上找到一个好地方，我们可以观察它们的自然行为。与日本种群相比，斯里兰卡自然种群中雄性的求偶领地分布更为广泛。对男性发声率也进行了测量和分析。