Causes and consequences of drug shortages

药品短缺的原因和后果

• 批准号: 458354694
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Katharina Blankart
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Business School
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/458354694?language=en
• 关键词: Causes; consequences; drug; shortages

Adequate supply of medicines is fundamental to the achievement of key aspects of universal health coverage. The COVID-19 pandemic however, has jeopardized access to care by interrupting the supply of essential medicines. In Germany, between March and June 2020, 116 drug presentations were newly reported to be on short supply. Among them were medicines to treat patients suffering from severe symptoms of COVID-19 such as probofol used to sedate patients in critical care needs and in patients requiring ventilation.Drug shortages reflect the lack of sufficient access to (essential) medicines, at least for a limited amount of time where supply cannot meet demand at a national level. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, drug shortages were present in many fields of therapy from complex injectable cancer drugs, inexpensive products such as saline, to high volume drugs such as valsartan to treat common high blood pressure.This project analyzes the causes and consequences of drug shortages. We aim to develop a framework that aids in identifying causes of drug shortages across economics, management, and medical disciplines. Unlike the vast majority of the existing evidence that describes the situtation in the United States, we will focus on health care provided by European health care systems and particularly shortages reported in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Moreover, we will make accessible new data sources to characterize the scope of drug shortages reported in Europe, classify the causes of drug shortages and perform causal analysis of the drivers of drug shortages at national level. Specifically, we aim to describe the pharmaceutical supply chain and identify bottlenecks within the supply chain framework, due to the interruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. We will map all global and regional policy and industry measures taken by governments and health care systems to overcome such interruptions. We will then empirically identify causal effects of supply-chain, regulatory and governance related aspects that lead to drug shortages in a particular health system. The objective is to combine product level data on drug shortages from national reporting systems of drug shortages, trade-flows, prices, regulatory and governance systems, and perform econometrics analysis. We will then turn to analyzing the consequences of drug shortages on health and health care cost in one particular health care system (Switzerland), using health insurance claims data in one health insurance system. The focus of our work will center on the situation arising from the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting changes in supply and demand of medicines.

充足的药品供应对于实现全民医保的关键方面至关重要。然而，COVID-19大流行中断了基本药物的供应，危及了获得护理的机会。在德国，2020年3月至6月期间，新报告了116种药品呈现供不应求的情况。其中包括用于治疗严重COVID-19症状患者的药物，如用于镇静需要重症护理的患者和需要通气的患者的异丙酚。药物短缺反映了缺乏足够的（基本）药物，至少在有限的时间内，供应无法满足国家层面的需求。在COVID-19大流行之前，从复杂的可注射癌症药物、盐水等廉价产品，到治疗普通高血压的缬沙坦等大剂量药物，许多治疗领域都存在药物短缺。本项目分析了药物短缺的原因和后果。我们的目标是制定一个框架，帮助确定跨经济学，管理学和医学学科的药物短缺的原因。与绝大多数描述美国情况的现有证据不同，我们将重点关注欧洲卫生保健系统提供的卫生保健，特别是德国、奥地利和瑞士报告的短缺。此外，我们将提供新的数据来源，以描述欧洲报告的药物短缺的范围，对药物短缺的原因进行分类，并在国家一级对药物短缺的驱动因素进行因果分析。具体而言，我们的目标是描述药品供应链，并识别供应链框架内因COVID-19疫情导致中断的瓶颈。我们将绘制各国政府和医疗保健系统为克服此类中断而采取的所有全球和区域政策和行业措施。然后，我们将实证地确定导致特定卫生系统中药物短缺的供应链、监管和治理相关方面的因果影响。目标是将来自国家药品短缺报告系统、贸易流动、价格、监管和治理系统的药品短缺产品级数据联合收割机合并起来，并进行计量经济学分析。然后，我们将使用一个医疗保险系统的医疗保险索赔数据，分析药物短缺对一个特定医疗保健系统（瑞士）的健康和医疗保健成本的影响。我们的工作重点将围绕COVID-19疫情所带来的形势以及由此带来的药品供需变化。