Influence of air quality on the expected burden on the health care system in the event of pandemics

发生流行病时空气质量对医疗保健系统预期负担的影响

• 批准号: 458531714
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Bittner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Epidemiologie (EPI)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/458531714?language=en
• 关键词: Influence; air; quality; expected; burden

Human health is determined by the interaction of internal (e.g. genetic disposition) and external (e.g. pathogens, environment) influences. Thus, air pollutants can both reduce the natural defense mechanisms of the human lung and, in the long term, lead to chronic diseases. Both increase the susceptibility to respiratory diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza. The strict initial restrictions applied in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in spring 2020 led to a short-term reduction in traffic emissions. Depending on the weather situation, this may reduce the exposure of human health to air pollutants, thus having a positive effect on health. Negative effects of the strict initial restrictions are to be expected due to a lack of exercise and the avoidance of visits to the doctor, e.g. for cancer screening. The interrelationships are complex and targeted analyses are needed to determine the effectiveness and impact of administrative interventions.Three questions are addressed in this project:1. what influence does air quality have on the spread of virus-transmitted infections (SARS-CoV 2, influenza), which can lead to pandemics? 2. what impact do measures such as lockdown have on the spread of other (non-viral) respiratory and cardiovascular diseases?3. what measures are recommended locally to reduce the spread of virus-transmitted infections?In addition, the burden on the health care system from the diseases addressed under 1 and 2 is estimated. This will perspectively contribute to the management of future pandemics; the vulnerability of the population to pandemics can thus be assessed more precisely with regard to the additional impact of air pollution.As a database for this project, health data (certificates of incapacity to work, data on outpatient GP-centered care and regular care, outpatient and inpatient hospital data) of the AOK Baden-Württemberg are already available today and later also the nationwide time series on mortality and hospital admissions of the Research Data Center of the Federal and State Governments. Air quality data is provided daily by the German Aerospace Center. The proposed project is an interdisciplinary initiative (medicine, physics, mathematics, biostatistics and epidemiology) of the University of Augsburg, the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich and the German Aerospace Center.

人类健康是由内部（如遗传倾向）和外部（如病原体、环境）影响的相互作用决定的。因此，空气污染物可以降低人体肺部的自然防御机制，从长远来看，会导致慢性疾病。两者都增加了对呼吸道疾病如SARS-CoV-2和流感的易感性。2020年春季SARS-CoV-2大流行的情况下实施的严格初始限制导致交通排放量短期减少。根据天气情况，这可能会减少人类健康暴露于空气污染物，从而对健康产生积极影响。由于缺乏锻炼和避免去看医生，例如癌症筛查，最初严格限制的负面影响是可以预料的。这些相互关系是复杂的，需要有针对性的分析，以确定行政干预的有效性和影响。空气质量对病毒传播感染（SARS-CoV 2，流感）的传播有什么影响，这些病毒可能导致大流行？2.封锁等措施对其他（非病毒性）呼吸道和心血管疾病的传播有何影响？3.建议本地采取什么措施，以减少病毒传播感染的蔓延？此外，还估计了第1和第2项所述疾病给保健系统造成的负担。这将有助于管理未来的大流行病;因此，在考虑到空气污染的额外影响的情况下，可以更准确地评估人口对流行病的脆弱性。（丧失工作能力证明，关于以GP为中心的门诊护理和常规护理的数据，巴登-符滕贝格的AOK数据（门诊和住院数据）今天已经可用，稍后联邦和州政府研究数据中心的全国死亡率和住院时间序列也可以使用。空气质量数据由德国航空航天中心提供。拟议的项目是奥格斯堡大学、慕尼黑路德维希-马克西米利安大学和德国航空航天中心的一项跨学科举措（医学、物理学、数学、生物统计学和流行病学）。