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Development of Biodegradable Biopolymer Hybrid Materials

可生物降解生物聚合物杂化材料的开发

基本信息

批准号：
11555248
负责人：
OKADA Masahiko
金额：
$ 3.97万
依托单位：
Chubu University (2000)Nagoya University (1999)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. Synthesis and Biodegradability of Novel Aromatic Polyesters Based on SugarsA series of copolyesters containing furan moieties were synthesized by polycondensation of 1, 4 : 3, 6-dianhydro-D-glucitol derived from D-glucose, 1, 1-bis (5-methoxycarbonyl-2-furyl) ethane derived from furfural, and several aliphatic dicarboxylic acid methyl esters in bulk at 210-220℃. Copolyesters with number average molecular weights up to 2x10^4 were obtained in high yields. Different correlation was found between the enzymatic degradability and the structures of these copolyesters depending on the enzymes. Degradation tests in antibiotic-treated soil disclosed that actinomycetes were mainly responsible for the biodegradation of these furan-containing copolyesters in soil.2. Miscibility and Biodegradability of Polymer Hybrids Containing Proteins, Nucleic Acids, or SugarsBlends of different compositions were prepared from chitin-graft-poly (2-methyl-2-oxazoline) and poly (vinyl alcohol). All these blends were found to be miscible by differential scanning calorimetry. Soil burial degradation tests showed that the blend films were more readily degraded than a pure PVA film and that bacteria and actinomycetes are responsible for the biodegradation. For PVA-polysarcosine blends, a small amount of polysarcosine enhanced the thermal stability of PVA.For blends of PVA and DNA from salmon testes, the DNA chains formed double helices in a PVA matrix, their conformation being dependent upon the PVA content.

1.新型糖基芳香族聚酯的合成及生物降解性以D-葡萄糖为原料合成的1，4：3，6-二脱水-D-葡萄糖醇、呋喃甲醛为原料的1，1-二(5-甲氧基甲酰基-2-呋喃)乙烷和几种脂肪族二元酸甲酯在210-220℃下进行缩聚反应，合成了一系列含呋喃结构的共聚酯。高产率得到数均相对分子质量达2×10~(-4)的共聚酯。这些共聚酯的结构与酶的降解性之间存在着不同的相关性。在抗生素处理的土壤中的降解试验表明，放线菌是这些含呋喃共聚酯在土壤中的生物降解的主要原因。含有蛋白质、核酸和糖的聚合物杂化材料的相容性和生物降解性以甲壳素接枝聚(2-甲基-2-恶唑啉)和聚乙烯醇为原料，制备了不同组成的聚合物杂化材料。用差示扫描量热法测定了这些共混物的相容性能。土壤埋藏降解试验表明，共混膜比纯PVA膜更容易降解，细菌和放线菌是生物降解的主要原因。对于PVA-聚肌氨酸共混物，少量的聚肌氨酸提高了PVA的热稳定性。对于PVA和鲑鱼睾丸DNA的共混物，DNA链在PVA基质中形成双螺旋，其构象取决于PVA的含量。