Development of Biodegradable Biopolymer Hybrid Materials

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

1. Synthesis and Biodegradability of Novel Aromatic Polyesters Based on SugarsA series of copolyesters containing furan moieties were synthesized by polycondensation of 1, 4 : 3, 6-dianhydro-D-glucitol derived from D-glucose, 1, 1-bis (5-methoxycarbonyl-2-furyl) ethane derived from furfural, and several aliphatic dicarboxylic acid methyl esters in bulk at 210-220℃. Copolyesters with number average molecular weights up to 2x10^4 were obtained in high yields. Different correlation was found between the enzymatic degradability and the structures of these copolyesters depending on the enzymes. Degradation tests in antibiotic-treated soil disclosed that actinomycetes were mainly responsible for the biodegradation of these furan-containing copolyesters in soil.2. Miscibility and Biodegradability of Polymer Hybrids Containing Proteins, Nucleic Acids, or SugarsBlends of different compositions were prepared from chitin-graft-poly (2-methyl-2-oxazoline) and poly (vinyl alcohol). All these blends were found to be miscible by differential scanning calorimetry. Soil burial degradation tests showed that the blend films were more readily degraded than a pure PVA film and that bacteria and actinomycetes are responsible for the biodegradation. For PVA-polysarcosine blends, a small amount of polysarcosine enhanced the thermal stability of PVA.For blends of PVA and DNA from salmon testes, the DNA chains formed double helices in a PVA matrix, their conformation being dependent upon the PVA content.