Female migrant workers in Coastal China : Employment and Lifestyles

本研究的目的是比较中国沿海地区女性农民工在不同管理制度下的就业和生活方式。本研究特别选取了广东省的三家电子企业，利用访谈和问卷调查的数据，比较和讨论了女性农民工的就业和条件。我们将研究结果总结如下：1。从管理角度看，深圳A公司表现出稳定的管理模式，并带有一些日本特色。他们创造了一种能够稳定地采购中层管理人员和公司内部分层的制度。他们在整个公司实现了稳定的增长。公司B的管理层追求变革。他们的资源越来越依赖当地的劳动力，采用了适合当地文化和习俗的管理方式，提高了女工的生产率。C公司的扩张模式，利用“跨国”人力资源，依靠合资生产，利用优惠的税收政策，节约成本。在雇佣方面，A公司主要采用三班倒制，每天工作。公司B和公司C采用两班制的加班制度。工资的中位数差距为200元，工资是影响员工工作满意度的重要因素，因为工人的能力可以通过工资来体现。加班侵占了自由时间的长度，我们可以看出，在获得关于休闲的新知识和对农民工生活方式的总体评价方面，不同公司之间存在着细微的差异。然而，总的来说，女性农民工对她们的经历给予了积极的评价。当比较这三家公司在性别和对男女不平等的看法方面，公司B和其他两家公司在薪酬和奖金方面存在显著差异，但在其他方面，我们不一定能看到显著差异。然而，在公司A中，我们可以直接比较男性和女性员工，在职业类型上存在显著差异，我们可以说，这本身就证明了性别劳动分工。少

The objective of this research was to compare aspects of female migrant workers' employment and lifestyles in the coastal areas of China, under differing management regimes. In particular, the research took up three electronics firms in Guangdong Province, comparing and discussing the employment and conditions of female migrant workers, using data from our interviews and questionnaire surveys. We summarize our findings as follows :1. From the perspective of management, Firm A in Shenzhen exhibited a stable pattern of management with several Japanese features. They had created a system that enabled a stable procurement of middle managers and in-firm stratification. They had achieved a stable growth throughout the firm. Firm B's management pursued change. Relying increasingly on local labor for their resources, they employed a management style befitting the cultures and practices of the locality and achieved increased productivity from their female workers. Company C exhibited an extende … More d expansion pattern and makes use of 'transnational' human resources, carrying out cost savings by making use of favorable tax policies through reliance on joint-venture production.2. In terms of employment, Firm A mainly utilized a three-shift system with daily work. Firms B and C employed two-shift systems with overtime. There was a median gap of 200 yuan in the pay, and wages were a significant factor in workers' job satisfaction insofar as the workers' ability could be demonstrated through the wage. Overtime encroached on the length of free time, and we could discern slight differences among firms vis a vis the acquisition of a new knowledge of leisure and the evaluation of the migrant worker lifestyle overall. In all, however, female migrant workers evaluated their experiences positively.3. When comparing these three firms in terms of gender and perceptions of inequality between men and women, there were significant differences between Firm B and the other two firms as regards pay and bonus, but on other aspects, we could not necessarily see a significant difference. However, in Firm A where we could directly compare male and female workers, there was a significant difference in type of occupation, of which we could say in itself demonstrated a division of labor by sex. Less